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My own Naplex > Allergic Rhinitis > Flashcards

Allergic Rhinitis Flashcards

1
Q

Main differences/similarities between cold and allergies

A
  • cold: thick dark mucus vs allergies: thin clear mucus
  • cold: sore throat, body aches
  • allergies: wheezing, red watery eyes
  • cold: lasts three days vs allergies: lasts days or months
  • Both: sneezing, runny nose
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2
Q

Ocean Little Remedies are an example of what

A

wetting agent

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3
Q

nasal irrigation uses what kind of saline solution

A

isotonic (0.9) or hypertonic (2-3.5%)

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4
Q

1st line for chronic, moderate to severe symptoms

A

intranasal steroids

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5
Q

What can treat mild intermittent symptoms

A

oral antihistamines

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6
Q

Side effects of intranasal steroids

A

Epistaxis

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7
Q

How long does it take for nasal steroids to work

A

one week

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8
Q

Which are the two preferred nasal steroids in pregnancy

A

Budesonide (Rhinocort) and beclomethasone

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9
Q

Rhinocort

A

Budesonide

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10
Q

Flonase

A

Fluticasone

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11
Q

Nasacort

A

Triamcinolone

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12
Q

Benadryl

A

Diphenhydramine

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13
Q

What are the first generation oral antihistamines

A

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl), Chlorpheniramine, Doxylamine

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14
Q

Benadryl adult dosing

A

25-50 mg PO Q4-6H

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15
Q

Age cutoff for benadryl OTC

A

6 years old

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16
Q

Second generation oral antihistamines

A

Cetirizine (Zyrtec), Levocetirizine (Xyzal), Fexofenadine (Allegra), Loratidine (Claritin)

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17
Q

Zyrtec

A

Cetirizine

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18
Q

Xyzal

A

Levocetirizine

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19
Q

Allegra

A

Fexofenadine

20
Q

Claritin

A

Loratidine

21
Q

What are the preferred 2nd gen antihistamines in pregnancy

A

Loratidine (Claritin) and Cetirizine (Zyrtec)

22
Q

What are the two less sedating 2nd gen antihistamines

A

fexofenadine (allegra) and loratidine (Claritin)

23
Q

What are the two more sedating 2nd gen antihistamines and what other property do they have that may make them desirable for people despite that

A

Levocetirizine (Xyzal) and Cetirizine (Zyrtec) but they both work fast

24
Q

How do you administer fexofenadine (allegra)

A

with water

25
Q

nase formulation name/ending

A

“nase”

26
Q

moa of decongestants

A

alphra adrenergic agonists causing vasoconstricition

27
Q

phenylephrine vs pseudoephrine absorption

A

phenylephrine has poor oral absorption and comes as a nasal inhaler wheras pseudoephrine is effective systemically

28
Q

max amount of of pseudopehrine per day to sell

A

3.6 g/day and 9 grams/30 days

29
Q

major DDI for decongestants

A

14 days of MAO inhibitors

30
Q

Age cutoff for pseudoephrine

A

avoid in children less than 2 years per FDA

31
Q

Sudafed PE

A

Phenylephrine

32
Q

Zephrex D

A

Pseudoephrine (1/3)

33
Q

Sudafed

A

Pseudoephrine (2/3)

34
Q

Nexafed

A

Pseudoephrine (3/3)

35
Q

Afrin

A

Oxymetazoline

36
Q

What is NasalCrom/Intranasal cromolyn, how do you use it and who can use it

A

mast cell stabilizer, must use at start of allergy season regularly and is safe to use in pregnancy and in children > 2

37
Q

Delsym

A

Dextromethorphan (1/2)

38
Q

Robitussin/Mucinex

A

Guaifenesin in it I guess

39
Q

Codiene by itself is a C what?

A

2

40
Q

Codiene combo is a C what

A

5

41
Q

Tessalon

A

Benzonatate

42
Q

Tussicaps

A

Chlorpheniramine/Hydrocodone

43
Q

Chlorpheniramine/hydrocodone is a C what?

A

2

44
Q

moa of dextromorphan and side effect as a result

A

SSRI and at high doses NMDA receptor blocking leading to euphoria and hallucinations

45
Q

Why is codiene not allowed to be sold to minors <18 and for sure not allowed to be used in kids

A

respiratory death have occured in children recieving this following a tonsillectomy

46
Q

Codeine is metabolized through what

A

CYP 2D6

My own Naplex (39 decks)

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