Pearson chapter 44

Question 1

apparent life-threatening event (ALTE)

Answer 1

an episode in an infant that involves some combination of gagging or choking, apnea, change in muscle tone and color change, which is frightening to the observer

Question 2

bronchiolitis

Answer 2

a viral illness that results in inflammation and sloughing of the bronchiolar lining, which can lead to respiratory distress in the pediatric population.

Question 3

cystic fibrosis

Answer 3

a genetic disease of the secretory glands that particularly affects the lungs, pancreas, and digestive tract.

Question 4

febrile seizure

Answer 4

abnormal discharge of neurons in the brain that occurs in the pediatric population and is caused by a sudden increase in body temperature associated with infection.

Question 5

hydrocephalus

Answer 5

an increase in cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles of the brain due to an imbalance between CSF production and drainage or absorption.

Question 6

pediatric assessment triangle (PAT)

Answer 6

a scheme for forming a general impression of the level of distress in a child by evaluating the general appearance, work of breathing, and circulation to the skin.

Question 7

pertussis

Answer 7

rhythmic smooth muscle contractions that propel the contents of hollow, tubular organs forward.

Question 8

respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

Answer 8

a viral infection of the respiratory system that occurs commonly in young children; often mild but can lead to respiratory distress in some patients.

Question 9

sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

Answer 9

the unexpected, unexplained death of an infant younger than 12 months old.