Pearson chapter 25 Flashcards
acute renal failure (ARF)
The sudden inability of the kidney to produce urine, measured by levels of creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
A noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland.
chronic renal failure (CRF)
The progressive loss of kidney function over time
dialysis
The process of placing blood in contact with a semipermeable membrane (synthetic or peritoneum) that separate it from a dialysate to remove wastes from the blood.
dysmenorrhea
Painful menstruation.
dysuria
Painful urination.
ectopic pregnancy
Implantation of a fertilized ovum outside the uterus, usually in the fallopian tube
endometriosis
The presence of endometrium outside the uterine cavity.
end-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Irreversible kidney damage requiring dialysis or transplant.
epididymitis
Inflammation of the epididymis, the structure of the male reproductive system in which spermatozoa are stored.
Foley catheter
A clear plastic tube passed through the urethra and anchored in the bladder with an inflatable balloon to allow urine to drain into an external collection bag.
Fournier’s gangrene
A serious infection of the subcutaneous tissues of the peritoneum.
gravidity
The total number of times a woman has been pregnant, regardless of the outcome. Also called grava.
hematuria
Blood in the urine.
hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)
A serous condition resulting from toxins of E.coli strain O157:H7; manifestations include renal failure, pulmonary edema, and anemia.
intrinsic renal failure
Kidney failure caused by problems within the kidney, such as damage to the nephrons.
nephritis
Inflammation of the kidneys; includes types affecting specific structures within the kidney, such as pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, and interstitial nephritis.
nocturia
Frequent urination after going to bed.
paraphimosis
The constriction of the foreskin behind the glans penis, causing restriction in lymphatic drainage and circulation, resulting in pain, swelling, and potential necrosis of the glans.
parity
Refers to the number of times a woman has given birth. Also called para.
phimosis
A condition in which the foreskin is constricted and cannot be retracted from the glans penis.
polycystic renal disease
A hereditary disease in which cysts form within the kidney, eventually destroying the nephrons.
postrenal renal failure
Kidney failure caused by urinary obstruction, such as that from benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) or renal calculi.
prerenal renal failure
Kidney failure caused by a problem outside the urinary system, such as hypotension resulting from shock or heart failure.
priapism
A painful erection of the penis lasting more than four hours.
renal calculus
A stone formed in the kidney; may have various compositions; causes pain on passing through the ureter, but it can usually pass if it is less than 6 mm in diameter. Plural, calculi.
renal colic
Pain along the length of the ureter associated with renal calculi.
shunt graft
An artificial tube connecting an artery and vein in the arm to allow for hemodialysis.
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
An autoimmune disease that affects many tissues, including the kidneys.
uremia
A condition including signs and symptoms of renal failure with an increase in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr), which would normally be excreted by the kidneys.
uremic encephalopathy
Altered mental status caused by the accumulation of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen due to renal failure.
uremic frost
Flaky deposits of urea on the skin of severely uremic patients.
uterine fibroid
Benign tumor of the uterus.
