Pearson chapter 31 Flashcards
affect
a person’s visible emotional state
behavior
a person’s observable actions.
catatonic
a motor disorder with extreme muscle rigidity or flaccidity due to a psychological cause.
delirium tremens (DTs)
a syndrome that occurs due to the withdrawal of alcohol in a physically dependent individual.
delusions
false beliefs maintained despite evidence to the contrary, such as the belief that one is being pursued by government agents or has special powers
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV TR)
guidelines published by the American Psychological Association to provide criteria for the diagnosis of mental illnesses; currently in the fourth version with text revision.
hallucinations
perceptions of a sensation in the absence of actual stimuli.
illusions
misinterpretations of stimuli.
paranoid
falsely believing that there is a threat to oneself, such as being spied on or having enemies that do not exist.
phobias
intense, unrealistic fears of a specific object or situation, such as flying, germs, or enclosed spaces.
psychotic
Mental illness
Emotional or mental state of dysfunction that may or
may not be apparent. Anxiety, depression, stress reactions, personality
disorders, psychotic disorders, addictive behaviors
Behaviors
Facial expressions, posture, actions, words.
Behavior intolerable to patient or those around him,
elements of concern for patient’s safety and well-
being and that of others, unusual behavior, evidence
of unusual thoughts
A panic attack
A brief period of intense fear, anxiety, and discomfort
Patient might fear
Dying, having a heart attack, or going crazy or losing
control, or may have a sensation of unreality
(depersonalization)
Delirium
Acute onset of confusional state with underlying
correctable cause
Dementia
Progressive deterioration of mental function, including
memory impairment
Anorexia nervosa
Very thin, but obsessed with weight loss
Bulimia nervosa
Normal weight, but obsessed with weight loss
Factitious disorders
Intentional infliction of either physical or psychological
signs and symptoms, either in one’s self
(Munchausen syndrome) or others (Munchausen by
proxy)
Somatoform disorders
Physical symptoms without apparent physiologic
cause
Conversion disorder
Sudden loss of specific neurologic function following
severe stressor
Body dysmorphic disorder
Preoccupied with physical defect not apparent to
others
Kleptomania
stealing
Pyromania
fire setting
Intermittent explosive disorder
angry outbursts
Bipolar disorder
Periods of persistent, abnormally elevated mood
interspersed with periods of depression
Cluster A disorders
Emotionally distant and isolated, often with odd or
eccentric behavior
Cluster B disorders
Emotional instability, impulsiveness, intensity in
behavior or relationships
Cluster C disorders
Anxious or fearful personality disorders
Schizophrenia
Hallucinations in which they are being persecuted or commanded to do things.
Addiction
Preoccupation with obtaining and using substance,
with or without physical dependence
Intoxication
State of mental and behavioral changes
– Significant intoxication with CNS depressants
(alcohol, narcotics) can lead to respiratory depression
and loss of ability to protect airway.
Effects of chronic alcohol abuse
– Cirrhosis of the liver
– Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
– Alcoholic dementia
– Malnutrition
