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561 Pharm > PD and MS > Flashcards

PD and MS Flashcards

1
Q

NTs for Alzheimer’s

A

acetylcholine, excitatory
glutamate, excitatory

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2
Q

NT for PD

A

dopamine

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3
Q

NT for epilepsy and Huntington’s

A

GABA, inhibitory

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4
Q

NTs for depression

A

norepinephrine, serotonin

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5
Q

non motor symptoms of PD

A

SOAP
sleep disturbance
other: nausea, fatigue, speech, pain, dysesthesias, vision problems, seborrhea)
A: autonomic (drool, constipation, sexual dysfunction, urinary problems, sweating, OH, dysphagia)
P: psych: anxiety, psychosis, cognitive impairment, depression

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6
Q

response fluctuations in PD

A

MAD
motor fluctuations
akathisia
dyskinesias

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7
Q

drugs causing drug induced parkinsonism

A

dopamine blockers:
chlorpromazine
haloperidol
risperidone
droperidol
metoclopramide

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8
Q

levodopa carbidopa: fx of carbidopa

A

prevents metabolism of L-Dopa until it crosses the blood brain barrier
allows L-DOPA to act as a dopamine replacement
almost 100% metabolized by GI absorption without carbidopa

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9
Q

carbidopa MOA

A

inhibit dopa decarboxylase enzyme

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10
Q

levodopa side effects

A

GI irritation
nausea
anorexia
hypotension
psychotropic
dyskinesias
decreased response to therapy after 4-5 years

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11
Q

drug holiday from PD medication indication

A

sudden increase in adverse effects
decrease dose over 1 week to allow body to recover from toxicity
then resume at lower dose

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12
Q

common drugs used to treat PD

A

dopamine agonists
dopamine precursors
monoamine oxidase inhibitors
catechol-o-methyl-transferase inhibitors
amantadine

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13
Q

PT considerations for PD

A

schedule therapy at peak effectiveness of meds (on phase)
adjust intensity as disease progresses
med side effects
reduce fall risk
monitor for dyskinesias
neurospychiatric side effects
treat while on drug holiday
educate on med adherence
PT + drugs have better effect than either alone

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14
Q

multiple sclerosis

A

inflammatory CNS disease of white matter
T cells activated against myelin, disrupting signal transmission
+ antibodies from B cells attack myelin sheath

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15
Q

forms of MS

A

relapsing remitting
primary progressive
secondary progressive
progressive relapsing

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16
Q

relapsing remitting MS

A

defined flare ups and remissions
most common
better prognosis
blocky graph

17
Q

secondary progressive MS

A

relapse frequency will decrease but disability increases
steady progressive disability with less recovery
2nd most common

18
Q

primary progressive MS

A

steady worsening of symptoms without relapse or remission
worse prognosis, 3rd most common

19
Q

progressive relapsing MS

A

from onset steadily worsening disease with clear relapses with or without recovery
least common

20
Q

symptoms of MS

A

N/T
cog dysfunction
depression
fatigue
muscle spasm
weakness
walking difficulty
dizziness
vision problems
pain
bladder dysfunction
bowel dysfunction

21
Q

treatment of acute MS flare up includes

A

injection of high dose corticosteroids
oral predinisone
ACTH hormone

22
Q

MS drugs to modify treatment progression

A

interferons and monoclonal antibody injections
fubdilimod/dimethyl fumarate oral
infused: mitoxantrone, ocrelizumab, natalizumab

23
Q

treatment for primary progressive MS

A

ocrelizumab
immunoglobin antibody to reduce disease progression

24
Q

indications for dalfampridine in MS

A

to improve walking speed

25
Q

dalfampridine MOA

A

K+ channel blocker to prolong AP and improve nerve conduction

26
Q

adverse effects of dalfampridine

A

UTI
insomnia
dizziness
headache
nausea
asthenia
back pain
balance disorder
seizures

27
Q

PT considerations for MS

A

impact of meds on therapy
side effects
adjust to symptomatic days and side effects
MS drugs can affect motor performance
monitor changes in pt condition
shorter more frequent sessions if necessary for fatigue
cog dysfx or dizziness

561 Pharm (21 decks)

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