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561 Pharm > Hyperlipidemia > Flashcards

Hyperlipidemia Flashcards

1
Q

how does hyperlipidemia affect blood vessels

A

cause fatty plaques leading to atherosclerosis
atherosclerosis can lead to thrombosis and MI

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2
Q

statins effect on cholesterol

A

inhibit cholesterol synthesis

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3
Q

list statins

A

-statin
atorvastatin, etc

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4
Q

bile acid sequestrants effect on cholesterol

A

promote cholesterol excretion by reducing digestion/absorption of fats

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5
Q

list bile acid sequestrants

A

cholestyramine, colestipol, colesevelam

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6
Q

list cholesterol absorption inhibitor

A

ezetimibe

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7
Q

fibrates/omega 3 fatty acids effect on cholesterol

A

reduce triglycerides

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8
Q

list fibrates

A

fenofibrate, gemfibrozil

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9
Q

list omega 3 fatty acids

A

fish oil, lovaza, vascepa

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10
Q

niacin effect on cholesterol

A

increase HDL

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11
Q

PCSK9 inhibitors effect on cholesterol

A

inhibit pcsk9 receptors
enzyme prevents LDL receptor removal which promotes increased removal of LDL receptors, removing cholesterol from circulation

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12
Q

statins MOA

A

inhibit HMG CoA reductase enzyme which controls cholesterol production

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13
Q

side effects of statins

A

muscle pain and weakness
fatigue
rhabdomyolysis

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14
Q

bile acid sequestrants MOA

A

bind to bile acids in intestines to form complex to be excreted
bile acid being inactivated, the liver uses cholesterol to create more bile and reduce circulating cholesterol

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15
Q

side effects of bile acid sequestrants

A

constipation
bloating
indigestion
nausea

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16
Q

cholesterol absorption inhibitor MOA

A

selective inhibition of intestinal cholesterol absorption by blocking transporter

17
Q

indications for ezetimibe

A

primary hyperlipidemia
genetic condition with high cholesterol levels (homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia

18
Q

cholesterol absorption inhibitors side effects

A

diarrhea
joint pain
sinusitis
fatigue

19
Q

PCSK9 inhibitors MOA

A

increase LDL removal from circulation
inhibit enzyme that removes LDL receptors from liver, allowing more removal

20
Q

PCSK9 side effects

A

cold symptoms
injection site reactions
flu symptoms
back pain

21
Q

fibrate/PPAR–γ activators MOA

A

activate PPAR alpha to regulate genes for lipid metabolism
this reduces triglyceride production, improves clearance, modulate HDL removal/production

22
Q

indications for fibrates

A

hypertriglyceridemia
mixed dyslipidemia - low HDL and high triglyceridess

23
Q

side effects of fibrates

A

GI symptoms
elevated liver enzymes
myopathy
increased creatinine
gallstones
skin rashes

24
Q

PT implications for hyperlipidemia drugs

A

muscle pain as side effect, not MSK source
monitor rhabdomyolysis
BP/HR monitoring

25
Q

ezetimibe/zetia MOA

A

block cholesterol absorption in small intestine

561 Pharm (21 decks)

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