Pathology of Respiratory System (study guide) Flashcards
an important equine disease that may occur as an outbreak with high morbidity but low mortality
strangles
lesions show mucopurolent rhinitis with localization in the regional lymph nodes
strangles
lesions show nodular, confluent suppurative lesions in the upper respiratory tract, affect lungs and skin
glanders
glanders is caused by
Pseudomonas mallei
lesions of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis
serous rhinitis with hyperemia and edema of mucosa
it is characterized by oculonasal discharges, sever rhinits and conjunctivitis
feline viral rhinotracheitis
may cause erosion of the nasal philtrum and multifocal interstitial pneumonia
feline caliciviral disease
larvae causing sinusitis in sheep
Oestrus ovis
brachycephalic airway syndrome is present in what breeds
bulldogs, boxers, boston terriers, pugs, pekingese
it is resp. impairement caused by stenotic external nostrils and excessive length of the soft palate
brachycephalic airway syndrome
cause of laryngeal paralysis in horses
unknown
laryngeal paralysis involves the degeneration of left laryngeal nerve and atrophy of this muscle
cricoarytenoideus muscle
difficulty in breathing and shows a marked abdominal muscle movement
heaves
a resp. disease in dogs which demonstrate chronic bronchitis with thick mucopurulent exudates and polyp like lesions
canine tracheobronchitis (kennel cough)
they have well-developed secondary lobules, interlobular septa and thick pleura
cattle, sheep, goats and pigs
what is lacking in type I lung
interalveolar pores of kohn in alveoli
they have no secondary lobules, ill defined intraparenchymal supportive tissue strands, and with thin membranous pleura
dogs, cats, monkey
incomplete developed secondary lobules, with well defined but haphazardly arranged interlobular septa
horse
it is the incomplete distention or collapse of previously distended lung
atelectasis
have well lobated and well lobulated lungs
cattle and pigs
have well lobated but not well lobulated lungs
dogs and cats
they have well lobated lungs but poorly lobulated lungs
sheep and goats
resemble human lungs with poorly lobated and poorly lobulated lungs
horses
primary factor of neonatal atelectasis
failure of type II cell development
atelectasis that may be seen in large animals kept in abnormal postures for longer periods
hypostatic atelectasis
atelectasis due to space occupying lesions, fluids, air
compression atelectasis
collapse of lungs due to obstruction of airways
obstructive atelectasis
obstructive atelectasis is more common in animals with what type of lung
Type I (cattle, goats, sheep and pigs)
the abnormal enlargement of air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles due to either dilation or destruction of their walls
emphysema
the narrowing of bronchioles due to exudation and eventual peri-bronchiolar fibrosis
chronic bronchiolitis
lesions of edema and congestion in pigs
mulberry heart disease and alpha napthyl thiourea poisoning
parasite causing emboli infection in dogs
Dirofilaria immitis
artery providing collateral supply to lungs
bronchial arteries
appear as black pigment in the lung common in older animals that live in an urban environment
melanosis
brown pigment derived from hemoglobin present in lungs due to old hemorrhage
hemosiderin
parasitic infection usually associated with hemosiderin pigmentation of lung tissue
Dirofilaria immitis infection or heartworm
it is lung inflammation involving alveolar parenchyma
pneumonia
term for more acute and exudative inflammations
pneumonia
clinical term for more chronic and proliferative lesions of the lungs
pneumonitis
distribution of inflammatory lesions in bronchopneumonia
cranioventral
distribution of inflammatory lesions in embolic pneumonia
focal
distribution of inflammatory lesions in interstitial pneumonia
diffuse
distribution of inflammatory lesions in granulomatous pneumonia
locally extensive
most common form of pneumonia char. By inflammation in bronchioalveolar junction
bronchiopneumonia
category of pneumonia which involves the entire pulmonary lobes or major portion of lobes
lobar pneumonia
penumonia with diffuse reaction to blood borne agents centered on the alveolar septa
interstitial pneumonia
interstitial pneumonia is characterized by
collapsed alveolar walls
most common form of lung inflammation
bronchopneumonia
organism associated with bronchopneumonia in cattle
Actinobacillus acctinoides, Salmonella sp., Pseudomonas pseudomallei
organism associated with bronchopneumonia in horses
Corynebacterium equi
a rapid confluent, fulminating form of bronchopneumonia which is lobar but may sometimes be diffusely spread
lobar fibrinous pneumonia
organisms causing fibrinous form of bronchopneumonia in cattle and sheep
Pasteurella hemolytica and Pasteurella multocida
organism causing contagious bovine pleuropneumonia
Mycoplasma pleuropneumonia
organisms causing lobar fibrinous pneumonia in horses
Hemophilus, Pleuropneumonia, Streptococci
result from diffuse or patchy alveolar septal damage without orientation of the lesion around small airways
interstitial pneumonia
a special form of pneumonia wherein it may lead to gangrene, lobular but can be focal
aspiration pneumonia
pneumonia wherein droplets of oil are inhaled
lipid or lipoid pneumonia
pneumothorax
air in the pleural cavity
hydrothorax
excess serous fluid edema
chylothorax
chylous fluid in the thorax (leaky lymphatics)
hemothorax
blood in the pleural cavity
inflammation of the parietal pleura secondary to pneumonia
pleuritis or pleurisy
causative agent of Glasser’s disease in pigs
Hemophilus suis
Causes of pleuritis
Hemophilus suis, Feline infectious peritonitis
causative agent of nocardiosis
Nocardia asteroides
focal thickening on the parietal pleura in the intercostal spaces seen in renal failure or Vit D toxicity
Pleural calcification or Mineralization
