Pathology of Hemopoietic System Flashcards
1
Q
3-12 spicules of uneven length derived from disorders in lipid metabolism
A
Acanthocytes
2
Q
present in fibrotic states of marrow, hemolytic anemia, and result of certain drugs
A
Dacryocytes
3
Q
develop from decrease in hemoglobin that result in relative membrane increase
A
Codocytes
4
Q
conditions associated with codocytes
A
hemoglobinopathies, iron deficiency anemia, liver disease and cirrhosis
5
Q
also seen in circumstances during increase of membrane after decrease in hemoglobin
A
leptocyte and microcytes
6
Q
develop from premature release of red cells usually in periods of erythropoietic stress like in hemolytic anemia and hyperthyroidism
A
macrocytes
7
Q
common in vascular diseases, DIC, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
A
schizocytes
8
Q
there is central thickness recognized in peripheral blood smears
A
spherocytosis
9
Q
major causes of spherocytosis
A
membrane depletion, accelerated red cell aging, immunohemolytic anemia
10
Q
origin is removing red cell inclusion
A
dacryocytes
11
Q
ill-defined, red cells with variable forms from spherical to almost rod like
A
elliptocytosis
12
Q
increase in red cell mass
A
polycythemia
13
Q
reduction of normal red cells or hemoglobin concentration per unit volume of blood
A
anemia
14
Q
three causes of anemia
A
hemorrhage, hemolysis, erythroid hypoplasia
15
Q
develops from membrane damage and mechanism involves trapping of red cells in circulation by fibrin
A
schizocytes
16
Q
what does regenerative anemia indicate
A
hemorrhage or hemolysis
17
Q
erythroid hypoplasia or aplasia indicates
A
non regenerative anemia
18
Q
it is the increased numbers of circulating reticulocytes or immature erythrocytes
A
reticulocytosis
19
Q
increased bone marrow erythropoiesis
A
reticulocytosis
20
Q
comprises the leukocytes carried in circulation
A
circulating pool
21
Q
leukocytes present in periphery blood vessels
A
marginal pool
22
Q
increase in concentration of packed cell volume and hemoglobin concentration in the peripheral blood
A
polycythemia
23
Q
leukocytes awaiting differentiation and release in bone marrow and lymphoid tissues
A
marrow pool
24
Q
general increase in number of leukocytes in circulation
A
leukocytosis
25
reduction in the amount of cells produced in bone marrow that are in circulation
pancytopenia
26
phytotoxicities that cause bone marrow depression
bracken fern poisoning
27
drugs that depresses the bone marrow
phenylbutazone, estrogenic drugs
28
abnormal proliferation of fibroblasts in marrow cavity
myelopthisis
29
peripheral disorder associated with faulty maturation, development, and cell division
myelodysplasia, dysmyelopoiesis
30
hall mark of regenerative anemia except for horses
reticulocytosis
31
abnormal proliferation of marrow cell lines and may include myelodysplasia and neoplasia
myeloproliferative disorder
32
chracterized by presence of leukemia, with enlargement of liver and spleen as prominent feature
myeloproliferative disorder
33
enlargement of lymph node common in most septicemic disease conditions
lymphadenitis
34
enlargement of nodes draining areas of inflammation; included are follicular hyperplasia, paracortical and medullary cord packed with plasma cell
lymphoid hyperplasia
35
associated changes include abnormal morphology of marrow cell, presence of blast cells in circulation, infiltration of extramedullary tissues
myelodysplasia,dysmyelopoiesis
36
most common neoplasia of lymph nodes where there is reduction in sizes
lymphosarcoma
37
reduction of nodes due to lack of germinal centers and paracortical T cells
immunodeficiency diseases
38
reduction of nodes characterized by hypocellularity of the
cortex and medulla
lymphoid exhaustion
39
single largest component of reticuloendothelial system
spleen
40
localized enlargement of spleen
splenomegaly, splenic mass
41
causes necrotizing splenitis
salmonellosis, viral diseases like canine hepatitis, splenic infarction, gas forming anaerobes
42
reduction of lymph nodes due to aging
senile atrophy
43
eosinophils splenitis is observed in
hypereosinophilic syndromes in dogs and cats
44
splenitis in association with chronic disorders such as infectious canine hepatitis, erhlichiosis, pyometra, brucellosis, and hemobartonellosis
lymphoplasmacytic splenitis
45
splenitis present during systemic mycosis and in some mycobacterial infections
granulomatous splenitis
46
splenic mass due to hyperplasia of the reticuloendothelial and lymphoid components
hyperplastic splenomegally
47
cause congestive splenomegaly (4)
tranquilizers and anesthetics, portal hypertension due to RCHF, obstructed vena cava, infiltrative splenomegaly
48
blood volume storage capacity of spleen
10 to 20 percent
49
its degeneration and deposition cause sago spleen
amyloid
50
spleen which is affected with amyloid degeneration and in which the amyloid is deposited in the Malpighian corpuscles appear in cross secion as gray translucent bodies
sago spleen
51
congenital and acquired defect of the diaphragm result to displacement of the spleen
dystopia
52
e nodules or masses of splenic tissue seeded in the omentum which may be due to congenital defects or following trauma
accessory spleen
53
accessory spleen no pathological significance except
soft tissue injury
54
changes in spleen due to trauma common in small animals
rupture of spleen
55
part of senile change observed in animals which dies of hemorrhage
atrophy of spleen
56
accumulate in spleen and indicates previous hemorrhage appear in spleen as subcapsular yellow pigment calcerous bodies
hemosiderin and calcium
57
lobular composite organ of epithelial and lymphoid tissues, and reaches maximum development depending on the species
thymus
58
inflammation of thymus is associated by what viral diseases
canine distemper, feline panleukopennia and equine viral rhinopneumonitis
59
neoplasms of thymus
epithelial thymoma and thymic lymphosarcoma
60
poison which cause hemorrhage of thymus
strychnine poisoning
61
anemia due to incompatible blood group antigens of male and female parents
autoimmune hemolytic anemia in foals
62
syndrome relate with defects in phagocytic cells such as defective monocytes and neutrophils
chediak higashi syndrome
63
anemia characterized by increase size of RBC and due to acute blood loss or hemolysis resulting to excessive production and availability of immature erythrocytes in blood
macrocytic anemia
64
increase size of RBC with normal hemoglobin and observed in deficiency of folic acid, niacin and vitamin b12
macrocytic normochromic anemia
65
most common in animals due to neoplasia and irradation also known as aplastic anemia
normocytic anemia
66
normal size of RBC with normal hemoglobin anemia occurs as a depression of erythrogenesis
normocytic normochromic
67
reduced size of RBC with decreased hemoglobin and occurs as deficiency of iron and pyridoxine or blood loss
microcytic anemia
68
small size of RBC
anisocytosis
69
presence of abnormal shape of RBC
poikilocytosis
70
RBC with minute dark spots occur during acute blood loss
basophilic stippling
71
RBC has unevenly dark and light color spots indication of active erythrogenesis
polychromatophilia
72
anemia due to lysis of RBC, characterized by icterus, hemoglobinuria and nucleated RBC in blood, with hemosiderosis in spleen
hemolytic
73
deficiency of this vitamin lead to hemorrhagic anemia
Vitamin C
74
anemia due to severe blood loss, extravasation of blood
hemorrhagic anemia
75
anemia due to deficiency of iron, copper, cobalt, vitamins
deficiency anemia
76
relative increase of RBC due to dehydration or less plasma volume or anoxia
polycythemia
77
increase of WBC in blood due to neoplastic condition
leukemia
78
decrease in number of all 5 cells of leucocytes
panleukopenia
79
teardrop cell associated with myelofibrosis
dacryocytes
80
half moon shape with spicules associated with intravascular coagulation
keratocytes
81
hemoglobin displaced to one side of cell in hemolytic anemia induced by chemicals
eccentrocyte
82
small, irregular erythrocyte fragment that may have 2 to 3 pointed extremities associated with intravascular coagulation and vasculitis
shizocyte
83
with projections of variable length at variable intervals around the cell
acanthocytes
84
associated diseases of acanthocytes
splenic disease, hemangiosarcoma
85
non specific term for abnormally shaped RBC
poikilocyte
86
spiculated spherocyte with short, spiny projections around periphery
spheroechinocyte
87
disease associated with spheroechinocyte
absorption of RBC from body cavities
88
small, dense RBC
lacking central pallor
spherocyte
89
leptocytes with dense, round, central concentration of hemoglobin
codocytes
90
disease associated with codocytes
chronic diseases and liver diseases
91
RBC with thin rim of pale peripheral hemoglobin and large amount of central pallor
hypochromia
92
disease associated with microcyte and hypochromia
iron deficiency
93
disease associated with basophilic stippling
blood loss in ruminants, lead poisoning
94
disease associated with nuclear remnant
blood loss and splenic malfunction
95
small, single, black staining, round inclusion in various locations within RBC
nuclear remnant
96
punctate precipitate in cytoplasm
basophilic stippling
97
RBC contains strands of RNA within supravital stains
reticulocytes
98
diffuse blue RBC on wright-giemsa stains
polychromasia
99
large RBC
macrocyte
100
features of hemolytic anemia
1. Icterus (jaundice),
2. blood thin or watery
3. HEMOGLUBINUREA
4. hemosiderin laden cells in spleen
5. decreased RBC, with nucleated and immature RBC
101
poison resulting to hemorrhagic anemia
bracken fern poisoning
102
deficiency of this vitamin contribute to hemorrhagic anemia
Vitamin C
103
a parasite which may cause hemorrhagic anemia
hemonchus contortus
104
features of hemorrhagic anemia
1. pale mucous membrane
2. hematuria
3. macrocytic or normocytic RBC
4. poikilocytosis
5. hyperplasia of bone marrow
105
features of deficiency anemia
1. weak and debilitated carcass
2. heavy parasitic load in gastrointestinal tract
3. poikilocytosis
106
What will be the size and color of an RBC taken from a man with iron deficiency anemia if his blood is taken for laboratory testing?
Microcytic hypochromic erythrocytes
107
the agenesis or aplasia of hemopoietic tissues in bone marrow and there is lack of RBC production
toxic aplastic anemia
108
characterized by absence of developmental stages of RBC namely normoblasts, megaloblasts
Toxic aplastic anemia
109
etiologic agents of toxic aplasia anemia
radiations, sulfonamides, bracken fern poisoning, uremia, feline panleukopenia
110
two features of toxic aplastic anemia
1. bone marrow becomes yellow or fatty
2. agranulocytosis or reduction of WBC
111
results from destruction of RBC by immune mechanisms developed against RBC
autoimmune hemolytic anemia
112
etiologic agents include equine infectious anemia, anaplasmosis, systemic lupus erythematosus
autoimmune hemolytic anemia
113
increase of RBC as a result of dehydration or decrease in plasma volume or anoxia
polycythemia
114
etiologic agents of polycythemia
1. dehydration
2. anoxia in high altitudes
3. patent ductus arteriosus
4. severe pulmonary emphysema
5. erythroid leukemia
115
characterized by edema , congestion, hemorrhage or atrophy and depletion of lymphoid cells
bursitis
116
etiologic agent of bursal disease virus
birnavirus
117
congestion and hyperplasia of lymphoid cells in thymus
thymoma or thymic hyperplasia
118
