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ZZ3 Systemic Pathology > Pathology of Hemopoietic System > Flashcards

Pathology of Hemopoietic System Flashcards

1
Q

3-12 spicules of uneven length derived from disorders in lipid metabolism

A

Acanthocytes

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2
Q

present in fibrotic states of marrow, hemolytic anemia, and result of certain drugs

A

Dacryocytes

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3
Q

develop from decrease in hemoglobin that result in relative membrane increase

A

Codocytes

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4
Q

conditions associated with codocytes

A

hemoglobinopathies, iron deficiency anemia, liver disease and cirrhosis

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5
Q

also seen in circumstances during increase of membrane after decrease in hemoglobin

A

leptocyte and microcytes

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6
Q

develop from premature release of red cells usually in periods of erythropoietic stress like in hemolytic anemia and hyperthyroidism

A

macrocytes

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7
Q

common in vascular diseases, DIC, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

A

schizocytes

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8
Q

there is central thickness recognized in peripheral blood smears

A

spherocytosis

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9
Q

major causes of spherocytosis

A

membrane depletion, accelerated red cell aging, immunohemolytic anemia

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10
Q

origin is removing red cell inclusion

A

dacryocytes

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11
Q

ill-defined, red cells with variable forms from spherical to almost rod like

A

elliptocytosis

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12
Q

increase in red cell mass

A

polycythemia

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13
Q

reduction of normal red cells or hemoglobin concentration per unit volume of blood

A

anemia

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14
Q

three causes of anemia

A

hemorrhage, hemolysis, erythroid hypoplasia

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15
Q

develops from membrane damage and mechanism involves trapping of red cells in circulation by fibrin

A

schizocytes

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16
Q

what does regenerative anemia indicate

A

hemorrhage or hemolysis

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17
Q

erythroid hypoplasia or aplasia indicates

A

non regenerative anemia

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18
Q

it is the increased numbers of circulating reticulocytes or immature erythrocytes

A

reticulocytosis

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19
Q

increased bone marrow erythropoiesis

A

reticulocytosis

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20
Q

comprises the leukocytes carried in circulation

A

circulating pool

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21
Q

leukocytes present in periphery blood vessels

A

marginal pool

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22
Q

increase in concentration of packed cell volume and hemoglobin concentration in the peripheral blood

A

polycythemia

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23
Q

leukocytes awaiting differentiation and release in bone marrow and lymphoid tissues

A

marrow pool

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24
Q

general increase in number of leukocytes in circulation

A

leukocytosis

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25
Q

reduction in the amount of cells produced in bone marrow that are in circulation

A

pancytopenia

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26
Q

phytotoxicities that cause bone marrow depression

A

bracken fern poisoning

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27
Q

drugs that depresses the bone marrow

A

phenylbutazone, estrogenic drugs

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28
Q

abnormal proliferation of fibroblasts in marrow cavity

A

myelopthisis

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29
Q

peripheral disorder associated with faulty maturation, development, and cell division

A

myelodysplasia, dysmyelopoiesis

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30
Q

hall mark of regenerative anemia except for horses

A

reticulocytosis

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31
Q

abnormal proliferation of marrow cell lines and may include myelodysplasia and neoplasia

A

myeloproliferative disorder

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32
Q

chracterized by presence of leukemia, with enlargement of liver and spleen as prominent feature

A

myeloproliferative disorder

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33
Q

enlargement of lymph node common in most septicemic disease conditions

A

lymphadenitis

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34
Q

enlargement of nodes draining areas of inflammation; included are follicular hyperplasia, paracortical and medullary cord packed with plasma cell

A

lymphoid hyperplasia

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35
Q

associated changes include abnormal morphology of marrow cell, presence of blast cells in circulation, infiltration of extramedullary tissues

A

myelodysplasia,dysmyelopoiesis

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36
Q

most common neoplasia of lymph nodes where there is reduction in sizes

A

lymphosarcoma

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37
Q

reduction of nodes due to lack of germinal centers and paracortical T cells

A

immunodeficiency diseases

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38
Q

reduction of nodes characterized by hypocellularity of the
cortex and medulla

A

lymphoid exhaustion

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39
Q

single largest component of reticuloendothelial system

A

spleen

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40
Q

localized enlargement of spleen

A

splenomegaly, splenic mass

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41
Q

causes necrotizing splenitis

A

salmonellosis, viral diseases like canine hepatitis, splenic infarction, gas forming anaerobes

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42
Q

reduction of lymph nodes due to aging

A

senile atrophy

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43
Q

eosinophils splenitis is observed in

A

hypereosinophilic syndromes in dogs and cats

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44
Q

splenitis in association with chronic disorders such as infectious canine hepatitis, erhlichiosis, pyometra, brucellosis, and hemobartonellosis

A

lymphoplasmacytic splenitis

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45
Q

splenitis present during systemic mycosis and in some mycobacterial infections

A

granulomatous splenitis

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46
Q

splenic mass due to hyperplasia of the reticuloendothelial and lymphoid components

A

hyperplastic splenomegally

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47
Q

cause congestive splenomegaly (4)

A

tranquilizers and anesthetics, portal hypertension due to RCHF, obstructed vena cava, infiltrative splenomegaly

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48
Q

blood volume storage capacity of spleen

A

10 to 20 percent

49
Q

its degeneration and deposition cause sago spleen

A

amyloid

50
Q

spleen which is affected with amyloid degeneration and in which the amyloid is deposited in the Malpighian corpuscles appear in cross secion as gray translucent bodies

A

sago spleen

51
Q

congenital and acquired defect of the diaphragm result to displacement of the spleen

A

dystopia

52
Q

e nodules or masses of splenic tissue seeded in the omentum which may be due to congenital defects or following trauma

A

accessory spleen

53
Q

accessory spleen no pathological significance except

A

soft tissue injury

54
Q

changes in spleen due to trauma common in small animals

A

rupture of spleen

55
Q

part of senile change observed in animals which dies of hemorrhage

A

atrophy of spleen

56
Q

accumulate in spleen and indicates previous hemorrhage appear in spleen as subcapsular yellow pigment calcerous bodies

A

hemosiderin and calcium

57
Q

lobular composite organ of epithelial and lymphoid tissues, and reaches maximum development depending on the species

A

thymus

58
Q

inflammation of thymus is associated by what viral diseases

A

canine distemper, feline panleukopennia and equine viral rhinopneumonitis

59
Q

neoplasms of thymus

A

epithelial thymoma and thymic lymphosarcoma

60
Q

poison which cause hemorrhage of thymus

A

strychnine poisoning

61
Q

anemia due to incompatible blood group antigens of male and female parents

A

autoimmune hemolytic anemia in foals

62
Q

syndrome relate with defects in phagocytic cells such as defective monocytes and neutrophils

A

chediak higashi syndrome

63
Q

anemia characterized by increase size of RBC and due to acute blood loss or hemolysis resulting to excessive production and availability of immature erythrocytes in blood

A

macrocytic anemia

64
Q

increase size of RBC with normal hemoglobin and observed in deficiency of folic acid, niacin and vitamin b12

A

macrocytic normochromic anemia

65
Q

most common in animals due to neoplasia and irradation also known as aplastic anemia

A

normocytic anemia

66
Q

normal size of RBC with normal hemoglobin anemia occurs as a depression of erythrogenesis

A

normocytic normochromic

67
Q

reduced size of RBC with decreased hemoglobin and occurs as deficiency of iron and pyridoxine or blood loss

A

microcytic anemia

68
Q

small size of RBC

A

anisocytosis

69
Q

presence of abnormal shape of RBC

A

poikilocytosis

70
Q

RBC with minute dark spots occur during acute blood loss

A

basophilic stippling

71
Q

RBC has unevenly dark and light color spots indication of active erythrogenesis

A

polychromatophilia

72
Q

anemia due to lysis of RBC, characterized by icterus, hemoglobinuria and nucleated RBC in blood, with hemosiderosis in spleen

A

hemolytic

73
Q

deficiency of this vitamin lead to hemorrhagic anemia

A

Vitamin C

74
Q

anemia due to severe blood loss, extravasation of blood

A

hemorrhagic anemia

75
Q

anemia due to deficiency of iron, copper, cobalt, vitamins

A

deficiency anemia

76
Q

relative increase of RBC due to dehydration or less plasma volume or anoxia

A

polycythemia

77
Q

increase of WBC in blood due to neoplastic condition

A

leukemia

78
Q

decrease in number of all 5 cells of leucocytes

A

panleukopenia

79
Q

teardrop cell associated with myelofibrosis

A

dacryocytes

80
Q

half moon shape with spicules associated with intravascular coagulation

A

keratocytes

81
Q

hemoglobin displaced to one side of cell in hemolytic anemia induced by chemicals

A

eccentrocyte

82
Q

small, irregular erythrocyte fragment that may have 2 to 3 pointed extremities associated with intravascular coagulation and vasculitis

A

shizocyte

83
Q

with projections of variable length at variable intervals around the cell

A

acanthocytes

84
Q

associated diseases of acanthocytes

A

splenic disease, hemangiosarcoma

85
Q

non specific term for abnormally shaped RBC

A

poikilocyte

86
Q

spiculated spherocyte with short, spiny projections around periphery

A

spheroechinocyte

87
Q

disease associated with spheroechinocyte

A

absorption of RBC from body cavities

88
Q

small, dense RBC
lacking central pallor

A

spherocyte

89
Q

leptocytes with dense, round, central concentration of hemoglobin

A

codocytes

90
Q

disease associated with codocytes

A

chronic diseases and liver diseases

91
Q

RBC with thin rim of pale peripheral hemoglobin and large amount of central pallor

A

hypochromia

92
Q

disease associated with microcyte and hypochromia

A

iron deficiency

93
Q

disease associated with basophilic stippling

A

blood loss in ruminants, lead poisoning

94
Q

disease associated with nuclear remnant

A

blood loss and splenic malfunction

95
Q

small, single, black staining, round inclusion in various locations within RBC

A

nuclear remnant

96
Q

punctate precipitate in cytoplasm

A

basophilic stippling

97
Q

RBC contains strands of RNA within supravital stains

A

reticulocytes

98
Q

diffuse blue RBC on wright-giemsa stains

A

polychromasia

99
Q

large RBC

A

macrocyte

100
Q

features of hemolytic anemia

A
  1. Icterus (jaundice),
  2. blood thin or watery
  3. HEMOGLUBINUREA
  4. hemosiderin laden cells in spleen
  5. decreased RBC, with nucleated and immature RBC
101
Q

poison resulting to hemorrhagic anemia

A

bracken fern poisoning

102
Q

deficiency of this vitamin contribute to hemorrhagic anemia

A

Vitamin C

103
Q

a parasite which may cause hemorrhagic anemia

A

hemonchus contortus

104
Q

features of hemorrhagic anemia

A
  1. pale mucous membrane
  2. hematuria
  3. macrocytic or normocytic RBC
  4. poikilocytosis
  5. hyperplasia of bone marrow
105
Q

features of deficiency anemia

A
  1. weak and debilitated carcass
  2. heavy parasitic load in gastrointestinal tract
  3. poikilocytosis
106
Q

What will be the size and color of an RBC taken from a man with iron deficiency anemia if his blood is taken for laboratory testing?

A

Microcytic hypochromic erythrocytes

107
Q

the agenesis or aplasia of hemopoietic tissues in bone marrow and there is lack of RBC production

A

toxic aplastic anemia

108
Q

characterized by absence of developmental stages of RBC namely normoblasts, megaloblasts

A

Toxic aplastic anemia

109
Q

etiologic agents of toxic aplasia anemia

A

radiations, sulfonamides, bracken fern poisoning, uremia, feline panleukopenia

110
Q

two features of toxic aplastic anemia

A
  1. bone marrow becomes yellow or fatty
  2. agranulocytosis or reduction of WBC
111
Q

results from destruction of RBC by immune mechanisms developed against RBC

A

autoimmune hemolytic anemia

112
Q

etiologic agents include equine infectious anemia, anaplasmosis, systemic lupus erythematosus

A

autoimmune hemolytic anemia

113
Q

increase of RBC as a result of dehydration or decrease in plasma volume or anoxia

A

polycythemia

114
Q

etiologic agents of polycythemia

A
  1. dehydration
  2. anoxia in high altitudes
  3. patent ductus arteriosus
  4. severe pulmonary emphysema
  5. erythroid leukemia
115
Q

characterized by edema , congestion, hemorrhage or atrophy and depletion of lymphoid cells

A

bursitis

116
Q

etiologic agent of bursal disease virus

A

birnavirus

117
Q

congestion and hyperplasia of lymphoid cells in thymus

A

thymoma or thymic hyperplasia

118
Q
A

ZZ3 Systemic Pathology (16 decks)

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