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ZZ3 Systemic Pathology > bones and joint > Flashcards

bones and joint Flashcards

1
Q

bones with direct synthesis of bone matrix by osteoblast

A

skull, mandible, clavicle

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2
Q

the formation of weight bearing bone

A

endochondral osteogenesis

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3
Q

produces and mineralizes a matrix

A

osteoblast

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4
Q

present on surface of lamellar bone

A

osteoid

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5
Q

formed by enclosure of osteoblast within osteoblast which functions in demineralization remineralization in maintaining calcium homeostasis

A

osteocyte

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6
Q

osteocyte is regulated by

A

PTH and Vit D

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7
Q

where is osteoclast located

A

howships lacunae

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8
Q

derived from mononuclear phagocytes within the marrow

A

osteoclast

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9
Q

common in chondrodystrophic breeds such as dachshund

A

intervertebral disk disease

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10
Q

characterized by focal erosion and fibrillation of articular cartilage

A

degenerative joint disease

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11
Q

responsible for the bulk of bone removal or osteoclasis

A

osteoclasts

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12
Q

abnormal dorsal curvature of the spine

A

kyphosis

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13
Q

lateral deviation or curvature of the spine

A

scoliosis

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14
Q

abnormal ventral curvature of the spine

A

Lordosis

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15
Q

abnormal dorsal and lateral curvature of the spine

A

kyphoscoliosis

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16
Q

fusion of adjacent limbs

A

syndactyly

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17
Q

osseous union of bones that are normally distinct

A

synostosis

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18
Q

hypoplasia of limbs, hands, and feet, attached directly to the body

A

phocomelia

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19
Q

absence of limb or limbs

A

amelia

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20
Q

excess in the number of limbs

A

polymelia

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21
Q

absence of longitudinal segment of a limb

A

hemimelia

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22
Q

clinical disease of bone pain and fracture characterized microscopically by a reduction of bone mass

A

osteoporosis

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23
Q

very dense bone with no medullary cavity but are susceptible to fracture

A

osteopetrosis

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24
Q

refers to a usually nodular, benign bony growth projecting outward from a surface of bone

A

exostosis

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25
Q

a bony growth within the medullary cavity

A

enostosis

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26
Q

fibrovascular and histiocytic tissue arising from insertion of synovial membrane and spreads over adjacent cartilage as velvety membrane

A

pannus

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27
Q

unorganized meshwork of woven bone that forms a following fracture

A

callus

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28
Q

chondrodysplasia is also known as

A

disproportionate dwarfism

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29
Q

In chondrodysplasia, which growth of the bone is abnormal

A

endochondral growth

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30
Q

chondrodysplastic bovines are also referred to as

A

bull dog calves

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31
Q

genetic defect which osteoclasts fail to reabsorb the primary spongiosa

A

osteopetrosis

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32
Q

osteopetrosis lesions are sporadically seen in bones of stillborn calves infected with this virus

A

BVD

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33
Q

osteopetrosis is rarely seen in these species

A

dogs and cats

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34
Q

a small sized calf has large head with shortened cranial base and prominent eyes, pendulous abdomen, shorth thick legs is known to have this abnormality

A

chondrodysplasia

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35
Q

disease in poultry which may also affect osteoclasts leading to osteopetrosis

A

avian leucosis

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36
Q

genetic disease of pigs characterized by abnormal deposition of bone along the periosteal surface of long bones

A

porcine hyperostosis

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37
Q

notable characteristics of porcine hyperostosis

A

swelling of the forelegs

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38
Q

a teratogenic substance taken by pregnant women resulting to phocomelia babies

A

Thalidomide

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39
Q

distal portion of the limb is missing

A

peromelia

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40
Q

fusion of the toes common in pigs

A

syndactyly

41
Q

in syndactylia, which feet is commonly affected

A

forefeet

42
Q

increase number of digits

A

polydactylia

43
Q

which hormone decrease bone resorption and stimulate new bone formation

A

calcitonin

44
Q

which hormone increase bone resorption

A

PTH

45
Q

which substance faciliate absorption of calcium from intestine and a synergistic with PTH

A

Vit D

46
Q

maintain basic shape while bone is growing

A

modeling

47
Q

integration of continuous endochondral ossification

A

modeling

48
Q

mature skeleton renews itself

A

remodeling

49
Q

more rapid than haversian bone remodeling

A

trabecular bone remodeling

50
Q

hormone which inhibit osteoclasia

A

estrogen

51
Q

once removed, it increases internal remodeling

A

estrogen

52
Q

increases osteoclasia

A

PTH

53
Q

decrease bone resorption and osteoclasis

A

calcitonin

54
Q

remodeling decreases due to

A

age

55
Q

too little bone

A

osteopenia

56
Q

increases bone resorption and reduces mineralization of osteoid

A

PTH

57
Q

decrease phosphorus reabsorption in kidneys

A

PTH

58
Q

reduces bone resorption and stimulate new bone formation

A

calcitonin

59
Q

Vit D plant origin

A

ergocalciferol

60
Q

animal origin of vit d

A

cholecalciferol

61
Q

principally utilize vit d3

A

poultry

62
Q

facilitate absorption ofcalcium from intestine

A

vit d

63
Q

growth plate become narrow and metaphyseal face sealed by layer of bone

A

arrest line or harris line

64
Q

impairment of osteoclastic activity within the primary trabeculae

A

growth retardation lattice

65
Q

alteration in shape or structure of previously normally formed part usually arise late in fetal life

A

deformity

66
Q

structural defects due to localized error in embryonic period

A

malformation

67
Q

too little formation of matrix osteoblast insufficiency

A

osteoporosis

68
Q

immature osteopenia

A

ricket

69
Q

mature osteopenia

A

osteomalacia

70
Q

too much bone

A

osteopetrosis

71
Q

decreased formation of osteoid

A

osteoporosis

72
Q

inadequate mineralization in young growing animals

A

rickets

73
Q

adult form of rickets

A

osteomalacia

74
Q

etiology of fibrous osteodystrophy

A

hyperparathyroidism

75
Q

separation of bone fragment with its tendon or ligament

A

avulsion

76
Q

bone shattered into several small fragments

A

comminuted

77
Q

inflam of bone

A

osteitis

78
Q

inflam of bone and bone marrow

A

osteomyelitis

79
Q

inflamof periosteum

A

periostitis

80
Q

cause non suppurative osteomyelitis but granulomatous

A

brucella suis

81
Q

etiology of lumpy jaw

A

actinomyces bovis

82
Q

cause osteomyelitis of lumber vertebral epiphysis and adjacent discs or diskospondylitis

A

Brucella suis

83
Q

fibrovascular tissue arising synovium and covering the articular surface such that in rheumatoid arthritis

A

pannus

84
Q

altered acid mucopolysaccharides produced by surface cells of articular cartilage loss of elasticity

A

degenerative joint disease

85
Q

macroscopic particular matter in synovial space or bone in cartilage fragment

A

joint mice

86
Q

wobbler syndrome

A

cervicospinal arthropathy

87
Q

nucleus pulposus losses semisolid nature and plasticity, become more cartilage like

A

invertertebral disk disease

88
Q

formation and ultimate fusion of osteophytes on ventral aspect of adjacent vertebral bodies

A

spondylosis

89
Q

cause arthritis in swine and sheep

A

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

90
Q

cause infectious arthritis that may cause meningitis

A

Streptococcus suis

91
Q

cause infectious arthritis which may also affect the lungs

A

haemophilus parasuis

92
Q

In LM, macrophage and foreign body giant cell in conjunction with clusters of sharp crystal

A

gout

93
Q

crystallic material with needle shaped crystal

A

pseudogout

94
Q

direct synthesis of bone matrix by osteoblast

A

intramembranous osteogenesis

95
Q

develops from a cartilaginous model

A

endochondral osteogenesis

96
Q

chondroid core resorbed fusion and enlargment to form lamellar bone

A

secondary spongiosa

97
Q

thin membrane attached to underlying bone

A

periosteum

98
Q

anabolic process

A

apposition

99
Q

catabolic processes

A

resorption

ZZ3 Systemic Pathology (16 decks)

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