Pathological Gait Analysis Flashcards
Gait analysis approach
- Gait analysis
- For each functional task, determine which deviations are sig. - critical events
- List major problems interfering w/ function task.
Functional tasks
Weight acceptance (IC and LR)
Single limb support (MST and TSt)
Swing limb advancement (PSw, ISw, MSw, TSw)
Gait analysis form box colors - dark gray
either deviation does not occur or position would not be considered abnormal
Gait analysis form box color - light gray
minor deviation
Deviation may occur in the phase, but does not affect the accomplishment of the functional task
Gait analysis form box color white
Major deviation
Deviation significantly impacts the mechanics of walking
Deviation may be primary or a contributing factor, affecting the ability to accomplish the functional task
Critical event of IC
Heel first contact
Impaired motor control peripheral problem
Causes weakness and can include peripheral nerve injuries, disuse atrophy, and muscle disease or injury
Impaired motor control central problems
Can also result in weakness, as well as hypertonicity, impairment of selective control, apraxia, ataxia, or rigidity
Impair sensation - proprioception deficits
Inconsistent gait pattern
May have trouble substituting stronger muscles for weak ones, resulting in a different pattern than expected
May also see deviations in patients w/ perceptual deficits - cannot integrate sensory info
Excess plantar flexion in MSt
Ankle should be 5 deg DF
Gastroc and soleus are active to control forward progression of tibia. DF torque
Why are we seeing excess PF in MSt
PF contractures PF hypertonicity Weak calf and/or quads Impaired proprioception Ankle pain
Excess plantarflexion in MSw
Ankle should be neutral Pretibial muscle are active, low level PF torque -weak pre tibialis -PF contracture -PF hypertonicity
Toe deviations
Up: toe ext beyond neutral
Inadequate ext in TSt and PSw
Clawed: flex at PIP and DIP
Hammered: flex at PIP ext at MTP,DIP
Knee wobbles
Alternating flexion and extension of the knee that occurs during a single phase
Excess contralateral flexion
Knee flexion greater than normal during LR, MSt, or TSt of opposite limb;
This occurs during SLA of the reference limb
