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Restorative > Partials > Flashcards

Partials Flashcards

0
Q

Which classification can you not have a modification?

A

4

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1
Q

What classification can we use for edentouls spans ?

A

Kennedy

1: bilateral free end
2. Unilateral free end
3. Bounded saddle
4. Anterior bounded that Cross the midline

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2
Q

What are the problems with Kennedy class 1?

A

Tooth and mucosa bourne and thus always gonna get differential movement due to varying compressibility of tissues

Needs max coverage of tissues to gain wide support and indirect rotation to minimise rotation

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3
Q

Kennedy class 3 is always what kind of support?

A

Tooth

Unless really long spans or decreases perio

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4
Q

What is a classification for support?

A

Craddock
Tooth
Tooth and mucosa
Mucosa

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5
Q

What is support?

A

The resistance to vertical forces towards to the mucosa

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6
Q

What are the advantages of tooth support?

A 
Forces directed throu pdl
If designed correctly no damage to teeth
Well tolerated 
Good support
Retention
Bracing

But: harder to design and construct, technique sensitive, harder to adjust, more expensive

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7
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of mucosal borne?

A 
AD: Cheap
Can be added
Good for perio 
Young children 
Easy to adjust
Easy to repair

Dis: soft tissue support, lacks retention, potential for damage due to compressibility of tissue, gum stripper

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8
Q

What happens if excessive forces are transmitted to the tooth?

A

Bone resorption and mobility of teeth

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9
Q

What three things do you need to consider when planning support?

A
  1. Root area of abutment teeth
  2. Saddle extension
  3. Force expected on saddles
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10
Q

What is the major connection?

A

Primary function: Joins all the saddles to the denture

  • provide retention via indirect retention, contact guide planes,
  • It rests or covers alveolar ridge , and carries the teeth,
  • support and bracing
  • stress disturbuton across all abutments
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11
Q

WHat is the purpose of minor connectors?

A

Joins the components such as the rests, clasps to the major connector

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12
Q

What is rentemtion?

A

Ability to resist forces away from the tissue

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13
Q

What is bracing?

A

The ability of the denture to resist lateral forces

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14
Q

What is the order for design of a partial denture?

A 
Kennedy class
Saddles
Support
Retention
Reciprocation
Indirect retention 
Major connector
Minor connector
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15
Q

Where does a mucosal borne denture get its support from?

A

Entirely from the soft tissue

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16
Q

What materials can mucosal borne dentures be made from?

A 
Acrylic
Cobalt chrome
Vinyl resin
Titanium
Gold
Stainless steel
Polycarbonate
Nylon
Vulcanite
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17
Q

What are the design features of a mucosa Bourne dentures?

A

Wide support
Polished surfaces in neutral zone
Avoid clasps where possible on mucosa borne

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18
Q

What are the principle for every dentures?

A

Wide support
Ginivlly free
Dental arch restored via Point contact to aid retention, protect gingiva, limit tooth movement, reduce stagnation area
Flange maintains anterior post stability
Distal stop to maintain arch integrity
Free inn occlusion

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19
Q

How effective are lower mucosal support dentures?

A

NOT!

They are gum strippers since the lingual bar will dig into the lingual mucosa and the lingual plate would cause plaque to accumulate and cause gingival damage

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20
Q

What are the three exceptions to lower mucosal support?

A

Temporary
Transitional
Replacing success

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21
Q

How can you aid retention of mucosal Bourne?

A

Embers sure hooks
Adams clasp
Wrought clasps

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22
Q

What can wrought clasps be made from?

A

Stainless steel
Gold
Wrought CoCr (wiptam)
Acetylresin

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23
Q

What component on the denture will provide retention?

A

Clasps that engage in undercuts. They are flexible

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24
Q

What are the two types of clasps?

A

Occlusally approaching and gingival approaching

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25
Q

Which part of the occlusal approaching clasp arm should engage in the undrcut?

A

The terminal third

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26
Q

Which part of the ginivally approaching clasp should touch the tooth?

A

Only the tip

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27
Q

What materials can claps be made from?

A

CoCr cast or wrough
Stainless steel
Gold wrought
Acetyl resin

28
Q

What factors will affect the flexibility of the clasp?

A 
Material
Length
Cross section
Curvature 
Thickness
29
Q

What are the factors which will dictate the clasp of choice?

A
  1. Position of undrcut
  2. Amount of bone support
  3. Length of clasp
  4. Appearnce
30
Q

What are the features of a major connector?

A 
Rigid
Comfort
Well tolerated
Ideally be ginivally free 
Unobtrusive
31
Q

What are the major connectiors in upper arch?

A 
Ring: multiple bounded saddles
Horse shoe
Palatal strap
Palatal bar
Complete palate
32
Q

What will the choice of major connector depend upon?

A 
Function
Anatomy
Hygiene
Rigidity
Patient acceptably
33
Q

What are the advantage and dis of a horse shoe?

A

AD: strong and useful for anterior missing teeh, relieves the palate, gains some tissue support
Dis: can distort in free end saddles, some patients dint like bulk of metal Anteriorly

34
Q

What are the advantage and dis of a Palatal strap?

A

AD: thin and versatile, can be in two planes to increase rigidity, well tolerated, good tissue supper due to increase SA
Dis: must be at least 8mm In width for for strength, oateint may not like strap over rugae and junction of hard and soft palate

35
Q

What are the dis of Palatal bar?

A

Bulky
Narrow so little support
If anterior to second premolars may impede on speech

36
Q

What are the ad and dis of complete Palatal cover?

A

Best rigidit
Most comfortable

But extensive coverage on tissues and OH and denture hygiene issue

37
Q

What are the issues with maxillary connectors?

A
  • Borders must be at least 3mm from gingiva or extended on to tooth
  • borders should blend with anatomy
  • thickness of metal should be uniform
  • all borders in contact with soft tissues should be beaded
38
Q

WHat type of connector should you use for upper anterior teeth that nee to be replaced?

A

Complete plate
Horseshoe
Ring

39
Q

What should you use for a palatine torus?

A

Horseshoe or ring

40
Q

What are the designs for the lower jaw?

A 
Sublingula bar
Lingual bar
Dental 
Kennedy
Lingual plate 
Labial bar
41
Q

When would you use a sublingual bar?

A

In people where lingual bar cannot be used
It’s dimensions are determined by a specialised master impression that represents the functional depth and width of the sulcus. Technician needs to wax up the shape according to this. This means the maximum cross section dimemstoo is horizontal.

42
Q

What is the lingual bar?

A

Bar placed lingually a minimum of 3mm from gingiva
Most commonly used
Need to relief the bar with a 30 gauge wax in cases of free end saddle to prevent tissue impingement

43
Q

What is the cross section of a lingual bar?

A

Pear

44
Q

What is the occlusal gingival width of a lingual bar?

A

7mm

45
Q

Where should the lingual bar be placed?

A

As low as the depth of the sulcus will allow

46
Q

What is a lingual plate?

A

Lingual bar plus extension onto teeth
Used when cannot use a lingual bar and also possibly to splint lower teeth when perio is stable

Not good for diastemas unless notch out the metal
Promotes plaque
Caries

47
Q

What is a dental bar? And when is it use ?

A

This is used when there is no space for a sublingual or lingual bar and placed only on to the teeth
Good for long clinical crowns
Not tolerated well

48
Q

What is a kennedy bar?

A

Continuous clasp
Lingual bar plus Sedondary bar over the clingulum of teeth
Not well tolerated and difficult to make
Debris trapped
Crowded teeth difficult to use with

Excellent indirect retention

49
Q

What is a labial bar?

A

This is placed labially for inclined teeth

Aesthetics an issue and bulky under lip and needs sufficient sulcus depth

50
Q

What design should we use for tooth supported in lower arch?

A

Lingual bar

51
Q

What should we use of space in the lower arch is insufficient for a lingual bar?

A

Lingual plate

52
Q

When does bracing occur?

A

Resistance to horizontal forces when the denture is fully seated

53
Q

When does reciprocation occur?

A

Resistance to lateral forces when the denture moves from fully seated to over the maximum bulbosity of the tooth

54
Q

Which part of the clasp does the bracing?

A

The rigid 2/3

55
Q

Bracing on teeth occurs from what?

A

Rigid portion of clasp arm or plates

56
Q

Bracing on ridges occurs from what?

A

Major connectors and flanges

57
Q

How do every dentures achieve retention?

A

Frciton
Adhesion
Cohesion

58
Q

What denture material can touch the mucosa?

A

Acrylic or metal

59
Q

For a CoCr denture what can you do to enable acrylic to be along fit surface?

A

Acrylic is attached to metal work via a spaced meshwork sometimes a stop of metal can be included which contacts the cast

60
Q

What is the advantage of the impression surface being metal?

A

More space is allowed for teeth which is good when there has been over eruption of oppsing teeth

61
Q

When is it ideal to have acrylic as the impression surface?

A

When more resorption is likely to occur and also can easily be added to eg distal extension

62
Q

What can the junction between the denture and abutment be?

A

Open or closed

Closed means can utilise the distal of the tooth as a guide plane

63
Q

What Type of rest is placed in molars and premolars?

A

Occlusal

64
Q

Wat type of rest is placed on canines?

A

Clingulum

65
Q

What time of rest is placed on mandibular canines?

A

Incisal

66
Q

What are the functions of rest seats?

A 
Distribute forces
Maintain components in correct position
Protected denture abutment tooth junction 
Provide indirect retention
Provide reciprocation
Prevent over eruption
Improve occlusal contact
67
Q

How are partials retained?

A

Mechanically eg clasps engaging in undercuts
Muscular control
Physical forces

68
Q

What is indexing?

A

This is when you mark the master cast to enable you to remount back onto the articulators

Can groove or notch

Restorative (45 decks)

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