GIC

Question 0

What is the glass filler made from?

Answer 0

Silica and alumina in a CaF flux

SiO2 and al2o3

Minor SAF and CAP
Sodium and aluminium fluoride
Calcium and aluminium phosphate

Question 1

What are the four major components of GIC?

Answer 1

Filler
Water
Poly acid
Tartaric acid

Question 2

What is a flux?

Answer 2

This has a lower melting point that the other components which means to when the mixture is ground up and heated the flux melts first and bing
SS the other components together

Question 3

What’s the purpose of the minor fillers?

Answer 3

They act as fluoride sources and fluxes

Question 4

How are the glass fillers produced?

Answer 4

Fused at a high temp and the fluxes then melt and bong the other particles together they are then shock cooled to a fine powder

Question 5

T/F the filler does not the part in the setting of GIC

Answer 5

F

It is reactive and provides the strength, colour, reduce crack propagation, radiopacities

Question 6

What size part files are available?

Answer 6

Depends on the intention to use

Less then 50 microns is for fillings less than 20 microns is for outing and lining cements

Question 7

What is type of polya acid is most commonly used?

Answer 7

Poly acrylic acid
May be a co polymer of acrylic and maleic or acrylic and itaconic acid

Carbon backbone with COOH pendant groups

Question 8

What is the name of the stronger poly acid used?

Answer 8

Poly vinylohosphonic acid which claimed to be a stronger acid there for he GIC cents harder stronger and faster

Question 9

What is the purposive of the tartaric acid?

Answer 9

This gives the GIC a snap set

Question 10

What is the purpose of water?

Answer 10

The GIC sets in an aqueous environment

Question 11

What are the phase of GIC set?

Answer 11

1. Dissolution: water attacks poly acid which contain COOH groups, this then causes the COOH to break down and H ions are released. These H ions attack the glass particles and cause them to release NA, Ca, F and Al particles and a layer of silica gel
2. Gelation: Ca ions join together the polyacid
3. Tartaric acid chelates the Ca ions to enable…
4. ….Hardeing: this is where Al ions for the trivalent bonds with the COO atoms

Question 12

How long does it take GIC to fully set?

Answer 12

Slow

Up to 7 days

Question 13

What can happen to the GIC during the setting phase? How can you prevent this?

Answer 13

It can desiccate or be contaminated with excess moisture

Place a suitable varnish

Question 14

What are the properties of GIC?

Answer 14

1. Fluoride release. Initial burst of fluoride which can then be recharged
2. Adhesion to enamel and dentine

Question 15

How does GIC adhere to enamel?

Answer 15

Via PAIRS of calcium bond to the HAP

Question 16

How does GIC bond to dentine?

Answer 16

Via H bonding to collagen and pairs of calcium bonds to HAP

Question 17

T/F there is an intermediate layer of polyacrylate, free Ca and PO4 ions

Answer 17

T

Question 18

What is the bond strength of GIC to enamel and dentine?

Answer 18

2-7MPa

Question 19

Where does the bond failure usually occur with GIC?

Answer 19

Usually due to a cohesive failure within the material,rather than at the tooth interface

Question 20

What type of setting reaction do GIC’s set via?

Answer 20

Acid base

Question 21

Which materials can release fluorides?

Answer 21

RMGIC
GIC
Compomer

Question 22

How does fluoride react with tooth?

Answer 22

1. Forms FAP which forms a layer around the HAP and is mor acid resistant
2. CaF is formed and acts as a reservoir this enables FAP to form during an acid attack

Question 23

Where is most of the evidence for showing the effectiveness of fluoride release in enamel and dentine?

Answer 23

In vitro studies

Question 24

Where is it likely that fluoride release is more effective, enamel or dentine?

Answer 24

Dentine (small evidence)

Question 25

In vitro, enamel demin adjacent to GIC has been shown to be reduced compared to composite?

Answer 25

T

Question 26

T/F

In vitro studies it has been shown that fluoride release can reduce artificial caries?

Answer 26

T

Question 27

By how much is the demin inhibited by from the edge of the restoration?

Answer 27

7mm

Question 28

What did the in vivo study show with regards to hyper mineralisation with GIC?

Answer 28

This was seen in dentine and not enamel and only with GIC and not composite or amalgam

Question 29

Where are GIC used?

Answer 29

In cavities
Wear cavities
Lining material
Luting material

Question 30

What is meant by snap set?

Answer 30

Longer working time and short set time

Question 31

What is a chelator?

Answer 31

Molecule that can sequester metal ions removing them from other reactions