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Restorative > Implants > Flashcards

Implants Flashcards

0
Q

What are the risk factors for implants?

A 
Age 
Dental anxiety
Medical disorders
Psychological 
Smoking
Local surgical condition
Local pathology eg Parafunction, bone quality
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1
Q

What are the options for missing teeth?

A 
Removable 
Fixed prosthesis resin bonded
Fixed pros conventional
Implant 
Auto transplant 
Stem cell
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2
Q

What is osseointegration?

A

Direct structural and functional connection between living bone and implant surface

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3
Q

What are the thre types of oral implants?

A

Trans osseous
Sub periosteal
Endosseous

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4
Q

What are the Endosseous implants?

A

Blade
Root form
Cylindrical
Mini transitional implants

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5
Q

What are trans osseous implants?

A

Plate and ion system which penetrate through the mandible and secured in place with bolts and screws

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6
Q

What are thr problems with trans osseous implants?

A 
Very traumatic 
Only used in mandible 
Requires EO and IO incison 
Needs a GA
Was mainly for dentures

No longer used

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7
Q

What are subperiosteal implants?

A

Not anchored in bone rather ride on the bone

Used in edentulous as well as partially dentate in upper and lower jaws

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8
Q

Where are the best results for the subperiosteal implant?

A

Lower edentulous

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9
Q

What is the problem with subperiosteal implants?

A

Infection can spread easily and wipe out bone

No longer used

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10
Q

What are Endosseous implants?

A

Placed surgically into bone

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11
Q

When are the blade implants used?

A

Rarely now

Used to be used where ridge was very thin or certain anatomical structures prevent conventional implants being made

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12
Q

When are the root Endosseous implants used?

A

Root form

Popular for immediate placement into xla socket

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13
Q

T/F root from implants are easier to accommodate between teeth?

A

T

Theoretically

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14
Q

What is the mostly widely used design of implant?

A

Cylindrical Endosseous implant

Following the work of branmakr

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15
Q

When are mini or transitional implants used?

A

To stabilise and retain removable prosthesis

One piece design with a simple o ring connector in denture

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16
Q

What are thr sucks rates for implants?

A

5yr vs 10yr

Trans: 95% vs 87%
Blades: 49-75% vs 50%
Subperiosteal : 95% vs 65-78%
Endosseous: 98% vs 96-98%

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17
Q

What are the designs of the endoessous implants?

A 
Cylindrical
Stepped
Threaded and stepped
Parallel threads
Tapered thread
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18
Q

What is the diameter of the root form implants?

A

Mini: 4.5

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19
Q

What are the components of an implant?

A

Implant/fixture
Crown
TMA/Abutment/collar

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20
Q

What materials are used for implants?

A

Titanium

Zirconia

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21
Q

T/F there is contact between the implant and patient?

A

F

Contact due to oxide layer

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22
Q

How does the oxide layer form on the implant?

A

Within 1ms oxide layer forms on the surface of the implant and become 3-5nm thick

23
Q

What are sleeper implants?

A

When you put more implants in than you ended but not done any more

24
Q

What is the narrowest width you can place an implant?

A

5.5mm

25
Q

How much space do you need between two implants?

A

7mm

26
Q

What are the contra indications to implants?

A 
Age
Smoking 
Radiotherapy
Surgical experience
Overloading 
Poor bone
Grafts
Medication
27
Q

What are the early complications arising from implant placement?

A 
Oedema
Bleeding
Heamatoma 
Implant  loss
Nerve damage 
Infectin
28
Q

What are the medium term complications arising from implants ?

A

Abutment screw fracture
Prosthesis fracture
Framework bar misfit

29
Q

What are the late complication arising from implant placement?

A

Soft tissue recession overgrowth
Bone loss
Peri implantitis
Aesthetics

30
Q

What are the fixed implant abutment options?

A

Screw retained

Cement retained

31
Q

What is torque?

A

The force acting in rotation

32
Q

Why do peri implant inflam diseases arise?

A

The surface of the implant is inevitably going to be colonised by plaque

33
Q

What are the two types of per implant inflam diseases?

A

Peri implant mucositis

Peri implantitis

34
Q

What is peri implant mucositis?

A

Reversible inflam lesion affecting peri implant soft tissues

35
Q

What is peri implant mucositis analogous to?

A

Gingivitis

36
Q

T/F thre is bone loss in peri implant mucositis?

A

F

37
Q

What variant has been found of the peri implant mucositis?

A

Necrotising variant seen in smokers and immunocomprimised

38
Q

T/F peri implant mucositis can also be hyperplastic?

A

T

39
Q

How do you mange peri implant mucositis?

A

OHI

40
Q

How many implants and people will be affected by per implant mucositis?

A

50% of implants over 9 yrs

80% of patients

41
Q

What is peri implantitis?

A

Inflammatory disease which also affects the bone

BOP maybe out and marginal bone loss

42
Q

How much bone loss is needed to be classified as peri implantitis?

A

More than 1.8mm within first year

43
Q

What is the difference between peri implantitis and periodontitis?

A 
Implants not teeth
Lack of innervation
Lack of pdl
Decreased vascularity of oeri implant connective tissue 
Lack of true soft tissue attchmemt
44
Q

How common is peri implantitis?

A

12-43% of implants over 9 yrs

28-56% patients

45
Q

What are the risk factors for peri implant disease?

A

OH
Perio
Smoking

46
Q

What is the association between perio implant disease and perio?

A

Increaed prevalence of peri implantitis in ppl with history of perio

47
Q

T/F perio disease is a contraindications to implants?

A

F

History or perio disease not but perio Should he stabilised

48
Q

How do you diagnose peri implant disease?

A

Probing

Radiographs

49
Q

How should you probe implants?

A

Probe four sites with light force
Need to be careful since if inflamed then can penetrate to bone

Measure one month after placement the annually

50
Q

T/F there is a link that indicates probing depth is linked with potential for peri implant disease?

A

F

51
Q

When should you take xrays?

A 
Long cone PARALELLING
Baseline
6months
12 months
2-3 yr intervals

But maybe more frequent if peri imaplmt disease

52
Q

What machines can you use to help diagnose peri implant disease?

A

Perio test: measure damping capacity, lack of sensitivity

Osstel: measures effective change in height of implant above bone and stability of implant

53
Q

How do you manage peri implant mucositis ?

A 
OHI
Non surgical debridement 
Antimicrobial mouth rinse
CHX and listering 
Air power polishing
54
Q

What type of hand instruments should you use for peri implant disease?

A

Not steel since scratches surface
Plastic, graphite, titanium instrument

These have limited effect on implant itself but more useful on abutment

55
Q

What is air powered polishing?

A

Little surface alterations

Good at reducing biofilm but not calculus

56
Q

How do you manage peri implantitis?

A

Mild cases( bone loss of less than 2mm) same as mucositis but consider antibiotics
If BOP and or PUSS refer
Surgical approach when depth greater than 2mm

Consider regenerative treatment in long term

Restorative (45 decks)

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