Parkinson's Flashcards by Jene du Plessis | Brainscape

Q

Carbidopa

A

Blocks DDC enzyme (breaks down levodopa) in periphery

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Q

Rasagiline

A

Blocks MAO-B enzyme (breaks down levodopa) in brain circulation

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Q

Tolcapone

A

Blocks COMT enzyme (breaks down levodopa) in peripheral and brain circulation

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Q

Selegiline

A

Blocks MAO-B enzyme (breaks down levodopa) in brain circulation

metabolized to amphetamine
interactions with other MOAI - HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS

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Q

Entacapone

A

Blocks COMT enzyme (breaks down levodopa) in peripheral circulation
-increased risk for prostate cancer NB - monitor pt

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Q

Benserazide

A

Blocks DDC enzyme (breaks down levodopa) in peripheral circulation

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Q

Levodopa

A

Precursor of dopamine - rapidly broken down in circulation

side effects: nausea and vomiting
dark discoloration of urine and saliva

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Q

Pramipexole

A

Therapeutic effect on D1 and D2 receptors

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Q

Ropinirole

A

Therapeutic effect on D1 and D2 receptors

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Q

Rotigotine

A

Therapeutic effect on D1 and D2 receptors

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Q

Bromocriptine

A

Therapeutic effect on D1 and D2 receptors

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Q

Apomorphine

A

Therapeutic effect on D1 and D2 receptors

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Q

Dopamine receptor agonists side effects

A

Side effects:

ventricular tachycardia (since they are catecholamines)
nasal congestion (NB may be a fatal drug interaction with decongestants)

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Q

Ergot derivatives - Dopamine receptor agonists

A

Bromocriptine, Pergolide, Cabergoline
-increased risk of cardiac valve regurgitation, exacerbate peripheral vasospasm, may cause pulmonary and retroperitoneal fibrosis

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Q

Non-ergot derivatives

A

-Pramipexole, Ropinirole, Quinagolide

potential interactions with theophylline and ciprofloxacin
additional use in restless leg syndrome
DOES NOT cause fibrosis or vasospasm

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Q

Amantadine

A

Increases release of dopamine
Blocks cholinergic receptors
Inhibiting NMDA glutamate receptors

-Most common side effect: skin discoloration of legs

Q

Muscarinic receptor agonists

A

-Trihexyphenedyl, Biperiden, Orphenadrine

Therapeutic use in Drug induced Parkinsonism

Q

Drugs causing extrapyramidal manifestations

A

Reserpine & tetrabenazine
1st gen antipsyhotics (haloperidol, metoclopramide, phenothiazines)
SSRI’s (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors)