Opioids

Question 0

Hydromorphone

Answer 0

high efficacy opioid

Question 1

Morphine

Answer 1

high efficacy opioid
(full agonist)
causes constipation, pupil constriction, histamine release

Question 2

Codeine

Answer 2

low efficacy opioid

full agonist

Question 3

Pentazocine

Answer 3

Atypical opioid - mixed agonist/antagonist

Question 4

dextroprophoxyphene

Answer 4

low efficacy opioid

Question 5

Tramadol

Answer 5

similar to opioid but also inhibits neuronal uptake of serotonin and noradrenaline (no histamine release)
no release of histamine

Question 6

Methadone (physeptone)

Answer 6

high efficacy opioid
(full agonist)
-less euphoria and longer duration of action than morphine, similar potency

Question 7

Tilidine (valoron)

Answer 7

intermediate efficacy opioid (partial agonist)

-for severe pain

Question 8

Oxycodone

Answer 8

intermediate efficacy opioid

-chronic pain, cancer patients and post op.

Question 9

Buprenorphine (Temgesic)

Answer 9

Atypical opioid

partial agonist - used in opioid detoxification

Question 10

Dipapanone

Answer 10

intermediate efficacy opioid

Question 11

Diihydrocodeine

Answer 11

intermediate efficacy opioid

Question 12

Fentanyl

Answer 12

High efficacy opioid

-used intra-operatively as analgesics

Question 13

Alfentanyl

Answer 13

• high efficacy opioid

- used as intra-operative analgesic

Question 14

Sufentalyl

Answer 14

high efficacy opioid

used intra-operatively as an analgesic

Question 15

Pethidine

Answer 15

high efficacy opioid
NB causes pupil dilation when given in higher doses
no release of histamine

Question 16

μ1

Answer 16

analgesia, euphoria (opioid receptor)

Question 17

μ2

Answer 17

constipation, respiratory depression (opioid receptor)

Question 18

δ

Answer 18

peripheral analgesia, pro-convulsant (opioid receptor)

Question 19

κ

Answer 19

analgesia and sedation on spinal level (opioid receptor)

Question 20

σ

Answer 20

anxiety, hallucinations, nightmares, CVS (opioid receptor)