Dislipidaemias - 2 Flashcards
Fibrates (Fibric Acids)
decreases LDL (-), increases HDL (+++), decreases TRIGLYGERIDES (—-)
- agent of choice - stimulates lipoprotein lipase
- interacts warfarin, statins
- no use with hepatic or renal impairment or gallbladder disease
- dyspepsia, gallstones, myopathy
HMG-coA reductase inhibitors
DECREASES LDL (—-), increases HDL (++), decreases triglycerides (–)
- decrease cholesterol synthesis, increase LDL receptors
- no pregnancy or teens
- interacts warfarin, fibrates, erythromycin
- side effects: myopathy & increased liver enzymes
Nicotinic Acid (niacin)
decreases LDL (--), INCREASES HDL (++++), decreases triglycerides (---) -inhibits lipolysis, decreases HDL catabolism
Bile Acid Sequestrants
decreases LDL (—), increases HDL (+)
- increases cholesterol excreted in bile salts
- interacts with warfarin, statins, digoxin, aspirin
- GI distress, constipation, decreased absorption of other drugs
Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor
decreases LDL (-), increases HDL (+), decreases triglycerides (-)
- not to be used in patients with moderate hepatic impairment
- headache, GI distress
Colestipol
bile acid sequestrant - reduce absorption of vit ADEK
lovastatin
HMG-coA reductase inhibitor
Gemfibrozil
fibrate
Ezetimibe
cholesterol absorption inhibitor
Pravastatin
HMG-coA reductase inhibitor
Dislipidaemia type 1
Familial hyperchylomicronaemia - increased chylomicrons
cholesterol (+), TAG (+++), no risk
Cholestyramine
Bile acid sequestrant - reduce absorption of vit ADEK
Dyslipidaemia type 2a
Familial hypercholesterolaemia - increased LDL
cholesterol (++), high risk - treat with statin or ezetimibe
Simvastatin
HMG-coA reductase inhibitor
Fenofibrate
fibric acid
Dislipidaemia type 2b
Familial combined (mixed) hyperlipidaemia - increased LDL + VLDL
cholesterol (++), TAG (++), risk high
treat with fibrates, statin, niacin
Colesevelam
bile acid sequestrant
Dislipidaemia type 3
Familial dysbetalipoproteinaemia - high VLDL(IDL)
cholesterol (++), TAG(++), risk moderate
treat with fibrates or statins
Atorvastatin
HMG-coA reductase inhibitor
Rosuvastatin
HMG-coA reductase inhibitor
Dyslipidaemia type 4
Familial hypertriglyceridaemia - high TAG
cholesterol (+), TAG (++), risk moderate
treat with fibrates or niacin
Dyslipidaemia type 5
Familial mixed hypertriglyceridaemia - high VLDL + chylomicrons
cholesterol (+), TAG (++), no risk
treat with fibrates, niacin, fish oil or statin
