Paranasal Flashcards
What percentage of paranasal cancers are maxillary sinus?
80%
What continents are paranasal cancers more prevalent? (2 answers)
Asia and Africa
What are 4 risk factors for paranasal cancers?
occupational exposure, Epstein-Barr Virus, Smoking and Sinusitis
What are the 5 locations of paranasal cancer?
Maxillary Sinus, Nasal Cavity, Ethmoid Sinus, Frontal Sinus, Sphenoid sinus
What has replaced surgery for diagnosis and staging and Parasinus?
Imaging
Paranasal Sinuses are asymptomatic in the early stages. True or False?
True
What are some symptoms of paranasal cancers? (4 answers)
Epistaxis (Nose bleed), Congestion, Pain, Drainage, Loss of Function
What are the 9 types of paranasal sinus cancer?
Papillomas, Squamous cell, Adenocarcinoma/Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma, Lymphomas, Esthesioneuroblastoma, Verrucous Carcinoma, Small Cell Neuroendocrine, Teratomas, Sarcomas, Metastatic Disease
Papillomas are typically malignant. True or False?
False
What is the most common type of paranasal sinus cancer?
Squamous Cell
Metastatic Disease is Common. True or False?
False
If Metastatic Disease is present, what structures are at risk for mets?
Lung, Liver and Bone
What are the two methods of spread for Paranasal disease spread?
Metastatic Disease and Nodal Spread
What system is used for disease classification?
TNM
What 3 treatment methods are used for paranasal cancer?
Surgery, Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy
Surgery is typically chosen for _________ paranasal sinus cancers?
Site-specific
Chemotherapy is the historical treatment for paranasal sinus cancer. True or False?
True
Which method of treatment is gaining clinical support?
Chemotherapy
Under what circumstances is radiation therapy given for paranasal sinus cancers?
Preoperative
What is the significance of paranasal sinus treatment details?
Site-specific
What two radiation therapy methods are used for paranasal cancers?
Wedged Pair and Single field electron
What dose is typically given for paranasal cancer
6000 cGy
What structures are considered critical in the treatment for paranasal RT?
Eyes, Optic nerve/chiasma, Lacrimal Gland, Pituitary, Brainstem
Which critical structure dictates the type of RT utilized?
Brainstem necessitates IMRT
What is the survival rate fo maxillary sinus cancer?
early 60%
unresectable 20%>
What is the survival rate of ethmoid sinus cancer?
Low grade 90%
High grade 20%>
