Cancers of the CNS (Small facts) Flashcards
About how many brain tumors exist?
Over 120
CNS tumors are rarely metastatic. True or False?
True
Which type of benign CNS tumors are considered malignant due to their site?
Brain tumors
What percentage of all cancers are CNS tumors?
1.4%
Brain tumors are the ___ leading cause of cancer deaths in children.
2nd
As age increases, what happens to the incidence rates of CNS cancers?
increases
About how many Cerebrum tumors are gliomas?
Half
What are the ratio of high to low grade gliomas?
75% to 25%
The cerebrum is the center for? (Only need 3 of 6 to be correct)
Judgment, Reasoning, Emotion, Intelligence, Memory, Learning
Cerebellum plays a vital role in the coordination of (Involuntary or Voluntary) Musclar movement?
Voluntary
Gliomas make up what percentage of childhood tumors?What structures are mostly involved?
45% and Cerebellum
Primary brains tumors are relatively common. True or False?
False
Metastatic disease is often detected before the primary site. True or False?
True
What are some other prognostic factors of CNS Tumors?
Necrosis of the tumor, Tumor location, and Karnofsky score
What does necrosis of tissue indicate in CNS tumor diagnosis?
Malignancy and affects the prognosis
What are the function of the Ventricles?
cavities used as a channel for communication with subarach, Spinal canal.
What does the gray matter contain?
Supportive nerve cells
What does the white matter contain?
bundles of nerve fibers, axon, and dendrites
What is the pathway of a neuron? (Think of stingray)
Dendrites receive impulses, body responds by sending impulse down axon, axon wrapped in myelin sheath to keep impulse within axon, and axon terminals release the impulse
What cells make myelin?
Schwann cells
What are the anterior and lateral portions of the spinal cords surrounded with?
Motor neurons
What is the posterior portion of the Spinal cord surrounded with?
Sensory tracts
What is the name of the bundle of nerve ends of the spinal cord?
Cauda Equina
How much CSF does the CNS contain?
3-5oz
What is the most common site of CNS seeding?
Lumbosacral
What is the neurological workup consists of evaluating?
Mental status behavior, mood change, thought and speech pattern changes, and intellectual changes
What does a positive babinski skin signify?
damage to the nerve path connecting cord to brain
Why are intracranial tumors considered malignant?
Based on the limited space for expansion in the cranium
What are most gliomas able to become invasive?
no natural capsulation
Surgery ranges from debulking to complete microsurgical removal. True or false?
True
What does early diagnosis do with mortality and morbidity rates?
Decreases
What is given to relieve edema?
steriods
Occurrence of acute reactions?
during treatment
Occurrence of early delayed reactions?
few weeks to 3 months after tx
Occurrence of late delayed reactions?
months to years after tx
What were past tx for brain tumors?
lateral ports to whole brain with boost to tumor bed
What is the most common intracranial tumor?
brain mets
What are the requirements for SRS?
Spherical Lesion and no greater than 3 cm
ITV accounts for?
CTV with movement
PTV accounts for ?
setup variation and pt movement
CTV accounts for ?
GTV and Clinical disease (1-3 cm beyond GTV)
Are SRS usually multiple or singular fractions?
Both
How many sources of Co-60 does gamma knife have?
201 sources
