PAPER 3 > CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN SPORT Flashcards
TYPES OF SPORTS TECHNOLOGY
> video assistance referee > limb kinematics > wind tunnels > force plates > fibre glass > footwear > 4g / astro pitches > sspots clothing material > nutrition (supplements) > automated timig > drug testing
HOW CAN SPORTS TECHNOLOGY BE CATEGORISED
> video technological advances
> nutritional advantages
POSITIVE EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY ON SPORT [11]
> can help the elite players to see when they have potential to become an elite athlete
check physiological build up of a person
use technology to create testing and assessment of athletes (eg body fat and bone density)
can be used to assess the health of anyone who wishes to participate in a sporting activity (eg health screening devices)
can also help disabled athletes when trying to reach elite levels (eg prosthetic technology)
wheelchair technology has also been beneficial as can help them to participate in sport
improved access to to buildings (eg wheelchair accessibility or pool hoists)
improvement of facilities and equipment (eg video analysis or sports science equipment)
new technology to aid training to stimulate racing situations (eg bobsleigh or surging)
injury prevention
improved surfaces and artificial lighting (eg hypoxic chamber and precision hydration)
NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY ON SPORT
> can be extremely expensive
cost can lead to inequality of performers (eg developing countries are unable to have the funds / facilities / equpment to progress and perform at optimum)
certain countries can lack access to facilities of equipment and therefore are at a disadvantage
PROSTHETIC
an artificial device that substitutes or supplements a defective part of the body
HYPOXIC CHAMBER
a sealed room that stimulates high altitude (used if altitude training is not possible)
PRECISION HYDRATION
the monitoring of sodium loss during sweating leading to more effective replacement in the body of essential salts
GENE THERAPY
the use of genes and genetic elements to treat human disease
PUNDITRY
typically a knowledgeable or experienced person who through the media offers their opinion, guidance or commentary on a particular sport
MOTION CAPTURE ANALYSIS
the process of recording and then analysing the moment of objects or people
UK SPORT
an organisation whose aim is the development of the country’s athletes and is funded jointly by the government and lottery
WHO FUND UK SPORT
> Government
> National Lottery
5 WAYS UK SPORT DEVELOP ELITE ATHLETES
> identifying potential talent in sport
supporting an athletes lifestyle
supporting the athletes coaching
supporting, through research, sports science and sports medicine, via the English Institute of Sport
providing a World Class Programme or pathway to success
WORLD CLASS PROGRAMME
> podium
> podium potential
PODIUM
supporting athletes with realistic medal winning capabilities at the next Olympic or Paralympic Games
PODIUM TIME AWAY FROM THE GAMES
maximum of 4 years away from the games podium
PODIUM POTENTIAL
supporting athletes whose performances suggest that they have realistic medal winning capabilities at the subsequent Olympic or Paralympic Games
PODIUM POTENTIAL TIME AWAY FROM THE GAMES
maximum of 8 years away from the games podium
ROLE OF UK SPORT IN DEVELOPING ELITE SPORT
> central funding for sporting national governing bodies (ngb’s), enabling them to operate a World Class Programme and ensuring that athletes have access to personal and training support to guarentee that they are prepared for world standard competition
funding for athletes directly through the Athlete Performance Award and this award is funded by the National Lottery and is paid directly to the athletes and contributes to their living
ATHLETE PERFORMANCE AWARD
gives money to elite athletes to help fund their living and personal sporting costs
HOW THEY DIVIDE ATHLETE PERFORMANCE AWARD
APAs are allocated where there is the greatest financial need
MAXIMUM INCOME THRESHOLD
UK sport has set a maximum threshold of £65,000
HOW TO DETERMINE WHO MUCH APA TO GIVE
level of APA is determined by different criteria
> including the level of performance an athlete has achieved
> how capable they are of producing in the future
PODIUM LEVEL FUNDING THRESHOLD
up to £28,000
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF SPORT
the organisation work with coaches and sports administrators to help improve their athletes performance
ROLE OF NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF SPORT
each country that makes up the UK has a NIS which provides sports science and technological help to elite athletes
WHERE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF SPORT LOCATIONS IN THE UK
> manchester > sheffield > loughborough university > bisham abbey > university of bath > birmingham
ENGLISH INSTITUTES OF SPORT [12]
> performance pathways > performance psychology > biomechanics > performance analysis > physiology > performance nutrition > performance lifestyle > research and innovation > physiotherapy and soft tissue therapy > medical > paralympic > strength and conditioning
PHASE 1
physical and skills based tests
PHASE 1 EXPLANATION
> sprints
jumps
aerobic fitness and strength tests
all depending on the sport
PHASE 2 - 3
athletes suitability for the sport and preparation for training and development
PHASE 2 - 3 EXPLANATION
> including physical and medical screening
performance lifestyle workshops
physical assessments
PHASE 4
confirmation phase
PHASE 4 EXPLANATION
> selected athletes train over 6 - 12 months
> athletes are continually assessed and their rate of progress is recorded to judge suitability for elite sport
IDENTIFYING SPORTS TALENT BY UK SPORT
UK sport run talent recruitment and talent confirmation programmes to search for talent among the general public or within sports clubs and community projects
> athletes submit and application to UK sport who then invite successful applicants to phase 1 testing events
WORLD CLASS PODIUM
> receive support if an athlete is likely to be a finalist or medallist at the next Games
senior coaches and management work with sports and individuals with this funding
WHETHER A SPORT RECEIVES PODIUM FUNDING DEPENDS ON
> result at the last Games
competitive record
probable medal capability
ability to consistently produce athletes
WORLD CLASS PODIUM POTENTIAL
> for athletes with performances that suggest they are 6-8 years from a medal
winning capabilities at subsequent Games
they have world class talent, traits and characteristics
