PAPER 1 > ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON THE BODY SYSTEMS Flashcards
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
baro means pressure and therefore means for barometric pressure of the earth
> altitude
PRESSURE FROM THE EARTH
> lower pressure from the earth at altitude
> lower amount of oxygen at altitude
MEASUREMENT CONSIDERED AS ALTITUDE
1500m
> about a mile
WHAT HAPPENS AS 1000M IS ADDED
as you increase each by 1000m there is a 8-11% decrease in performance
> +1000m = 8-11% decrease in performance
> +1000m = 8-11% decrease in performance
PARTIAL PRESSURE SEA LEVEL AND BODY
> there is a higher partial pressure of oxygen in sea
there is a lower partial pressure of oxygen in body
the oxygen from the sea level diffuses into the body in order to create an equilibrium
WHAT PRESSURE ARE YOU WORKING UNDER WHEN AT ALTITUDE
barometric
EPOC
the volume of oxygen consumed post exercise to return the body to a pre-exercise state
OXYGEN DEFICIT
the volume of oxygen that would be required to complete an activity entirely aerobically
FAST ALACTACID COMPONENT OF RECOVERY
the initial fast stage of EPOC where oxygen consumed within three minutes re-saturates haemoglobin and myoglobin stores and provides the energy for ATP and PC resynthesis
GLYCONEOGENESIS
the formation of glucose/glycogen from substrates such as pyvurick acid
7 IMPLICATIONS OF RECOVERY ON TRAINING
> warm up > active recovery > cooling aids > intensity of training > work:relief > strategies and tactics > nutrition
WARM UP
by performing a warm up, respiratory, heart and metabolic rates increase accelerating use of the aerobic system which minimises the time spent using the anaerobic energy systems for energy production and the associated lactic acid accumulation
> this will reduce the oxygen deficit, limiting the amount of oxygen required to pay it back during EPOC
ACTIVE RECOVERY
using an active cool down maintains respiratory and heart rates, flushing the muscle and capillary beds with oxygenated blood flow
> this speeds up the removal of lactic acid and reduces the length of the slow lactacid component of EPOC
COOLING AIDS
can be used post event to lower the muscle and blood temperature to resting levels and reducing the metabolic rate and demand on the slow lactacid component of EPOC
INTENSITY OF TRAINING
the intensity of training should be monitored using heart rate to ensure training intensity is specific to the energy system and muscle fibre type
WORK:RELIEF
based on the predominant energy systems required in the physical activity:
> speed/explosive strength: 1:3+
> high intensity muscular endurance: 1:2
WORK:RELIEF
based on the predominant energy systems required in the physical activity:
> speed/explosive strength: 1:3+
> high intensity muscular endurance: 1:2
> aerobic: 1:1 or 1:0.5
STRATEGIES AND TACTICS
a coach should use timeouts and substitutions to allow for athletes to have 30 second rest intervals for 50% ATP and PC replenishment
NUTRITION
must ensure the correct pre, during and post nutrition
> maximise PC: load creatine and protein
> maximise glucose: carbohydrate loading
> tolerating lactic acid: bicarbonate for buffering
ALTITUDE DEFINITION
the height or elevation of an area above sea level
HUMIDITY DEFINITION
the amount of water vapour in the atmospheric air
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE DEFINITION
the pressure exerted by the earth’s atmosphere at any given point
PARTIAL PRESSURE DEFINITION
the pressure exerted by an individual gas held in a mixture of gases
DIFFUSION
the movement of a as across a membrane down a gradient from an area of high pressure (concentration) to an area of low pressure (concentration)
