PAPER 1 > DIET AND NUTRITION

Question 1

MACRONUTRIENTS

Answer 1

a type of food (fat/protein/carbohydrate) required in large amounts in an individuals diet

Question 2

MICRONUTRIENTS

Answer 2

vitamins and minerals we only need in small amounts that play an important role in well being

Question 3

DEFINE ENZYME

Answer 3

biological catalysts which increase the speed of chemical reactions

Question 4

DEFINE GLUCOSE

Answer 4

a simple sugar which is an important energy source in living organisms and is a component of many carbohydrates

Question 5

DEFINE KCAL

Answer 5

kilocalorie - is equal to 1000 calories

Question 6

DEFINE AMINO ACID

Answer 6

the building blocks of proteins

Question 7

DEFINE BMI

Answer 7

Body Mass Index

> a measure of whether you are a healthy weight for your height

Question 8

DEFINE THERMIC

Answer 8

temperature

Question 9

DEFINE METABOLISM

Answer 9

how quickly you burn calories or fat (the chemical processes that let you stay alive)

Question 10

DEFINE EXPENDITURE

Answer 10

the amount of energy (or calories) that a person need to carry out a physical function

Question 11

PROTEINS FUNCTIONS

Answer 11

growth and repair

Question 12

PROTEIN EXAMPLES

Answer 12

meat / fish / beans / nuts

Question 13

FATS FUNCTIONS

Answer 13

store energy

Question 14

TWO TYPES OF FATS

Answer 14

saturated and unsaturated

Question 15

SATURATED FATS AT ROOM TEMPERATURE

Answer 15

solids (cheese)

Question 16

UNSATURATED FATS AT ROOM TEMPERATURE

Answer 16

liquids (avocado / nuts / oil)

Question 17

LDL’S

Answer 17

Low Density Lipoproteins

> get stuck in arteries

Question 18

HDL’S

Answer 18

High Density Lipoproteins

> get rid of LDL’s

Question 19

FIBRE FUNCTION

Answer 19

> helps digestion

> lowers cholesterol

Question 20

FIBRE EXAMPLES

Answer 20

fruits / nuts / vegetables / wholegrains

Question 21

CARBOHYDRATES

Answer 21

> sugars and starch

> stored as glycogen and converted to glucose for energy

Question 22

STARCH EXAMPLES

Answer 22

rice / potatoes

Question 23

WHERE IS STARCH STORED

Answer 23

liver and muscles

Question 24

SUGAR EXAMPLES

Answer 24

fruit / honey

Question 25

WHERE IS SUGAR STORED

Answer 25

bloodstream (as glucose)

Question 26

DOES GLYCOGEN (STARCH) PRODUCE ENERGY FOR AEROBIC OR ANAEROBIC ENERGY

Answer 26

aerobic

Question 27

WHY WOULD AN ATHLETE WANT ENERGY DRINK DURING A COMPETITION AND PASTA BEFORE A COMPETITION

Answer 27

``` energy drink > glucose = sugar > good for anaerobic energy > provides energy instantly pasta > glycogen = starch > good for aerobic energy > help sustain energy levels through out ```

Question 28

WHAT DOES HIGH SURPLUS GLUCOSE (HIGH SUGAR DIET) GET CONVERTED TO?

Answer 28

trig-ly-cerdi-des (body fat)

Question 29

MUSCLE PROTEIN EXAMPLES

Answer 29

haemoglobin / enzymes / myglobin

Question 30

WHAT DO FATS PROVIDE

Answer 30

> essential fatty acids > fat-soluble vitamins a / d / e > aerobic energy source

Question 31

WHAT TYPE OF FAT IS BETTER FOR YOUR BODY

Answer 31

unsaturated

Question 32

RESULT OF EATING SATURATED FATS

Answer 32

cardiovascular disease

Question 33

RESULT OF EATING UNSATURATED FATS

Answer 33

> boosts delivery of oxygen > improves endurance and recovery rates > reduces joint stiffness and inflammation

Question 34

MINERALS

Answer 34

essential inorganic nutrients (micros)

Question 35

MINERALS FUNCTION

Answer 35

> bone and tooth health > controlling body fluids > enzyme formation

Question 36

CALCIUM IMPORTANCE

Answer 36

> bone health > muscle contraction > blood clotting > nerve transmission

Question 37

IRON IMPORTANCE

Answer 37

> formation of haemoglobin > enzyme reactions > immune system

Question 38

PHOSPHOROUS IMPORTANCE

Answer 38

> bone health | > energy production

Question 39

TRACE MINERALS EXAMPLES

Answer 39

zinc / iodine / fluoride | > minerals required in small amounts

Question 40

VITAMINS

Answer 40

essential organic nutrients