Paper 2: Introduction to Resource Management

Question 1

agri-business

Answer 1

-a large scale-business of farming
-includes a range of methods to maximise crop yield + expand profits

Question 2

pros of agribusiness

Answer 2

-increases crop yields
-increases profit
-cheaper for consumers

Question 3

why is water consumption in the UK rising (5)

Answer 3

-more domestic appliances
-increased standards of personal hygiene
-increased demand for production in factories
-increased population
-increased leisure use (swimming pools)

Question 4

water surplus

Answer 4

when an area does have enough water to meet the needs of the population

Question 5

water deficit

Answer 5

when an area does not have enough water to meet the needs of the population

Question 6

water transfer

Answer 6

moving water from areas of surplus to areas of deficit

Question 7

water transfer eg

Answer 7

-reservoirs in N wales + lake district provide water to cities in NW (liverpool/manchester)

Question 8

pros of water transfer

Answer 8

-make jobs in construction
-supports secondary industries

Question 9

cons of water transfer

Answer 9

-dams may flood local habitats
-construction = noise/air pollution

Question 10

water pollution is managed in uk

Answer 10

by drainage systems
limiting amount of pesticides used
-legislation
-water treatment
-infrastructure
-education

Question 11

cause of water pollution

Answer 11

-chemical pesticides
-rubbish
-factories release chemical waste
-sewage

Question 12

causes of increased energy consumption

Answer 12

-population growth
-economic development
-increase in domestic appliances

Question 13

pros of Cumbrian mine

Answer 13

-rise in local employment = better standard of living
-more jobs = supporting northern economy
-prevents coal from being shipped = ecofriendly

Question 14

Cons of Cumbrian mine

Answer 14

-perceived as dangerous = reluctant for jobs
-expensive
-said to be unnecessary
-lack of investors as they move towards green energy
-would not meet carbon cutting timetable

Question 15

Efficiency within homes

Answer 15

-double glazing
-loft insulation
-solar panels
-replace boiler
-wall cavities
-draft excluder around door

Question 16

Tungu-Kabri Micropower scheme pros

Answer 16

-local employment
-reliable energy supply = economic opportunities = business
-lower co2 emissions
-power homes
-eco-friendly as it isn’t pumped

Question 17

Scarcity

Answer 17

Lack of resource

Question 18

Supply

Answer 18

Resources available

Question 19

Food miles

Answer 19

distance covered supplying food to consumers

Question 20

water stress

Answer 20

occurs when area is suffering of deficit

Question 21

Describe distribution of global water supply

Answer 21

-no water scarcity = HIC
-physical water scarcity = lics

Question 22

Pros to increase in food demand of UK

Answer 22

-creates more jobs in LICs
-better wages
-higher taxes = investment

Question 23

Cons for LICs of increasing food demand in UK

Answer 23

-less food for locals
-more food miles
-higher demand = pesticides are used

Question 24

Agribusiness - strategies

Answer 24

-removing hedgerows + combining fields
-increased mechanisation
-chemical fertilisers

Question 25

Agribusiness - removing hedgerows

Answer 25

-creates larger fields -allow for monoculture - easier -more profit + yield -may reduce fertility

Question 26

monoculture

Answer 26

same crop grown in a singular area -may reduce soil fertility

Question 27

Agribusiness - more machines (3)

Answer 27

-reduces amount of human labour -reduces cost of running farm -increases productivity -

Question 28

Agribusiness - chemical fertilisers (4)

Answer 28

-use of scientific innovations to increase yield/quality -increases soil fertility -kill pests that attack crops -harmful to environment

Question 29

Con of Agribusiness

Answer 29

-damage chemical fertilisers have on environment -excess drained into nearby rivers -causes eutrophication

Question 30

eutrophication

Answer 30

-growth of algae -blocks sunlight -removes o2

Question 31

Food miles - perishable goods

Answer 31

-long haul flights are used -higher emissions

Question 32

Food miles - non-perishable goods

Answer 32

-ship = lower emissions -slower

Question 33

Alternative to importing food

Answer 33

-consuming seasonal produce -growing food at home -limiting imports -eating locally sourced foods

Question 34

Alternative to importing food - seasonal produce

Answer 34

-reduces transport emissions -and heat from UK greenhouses

Question 35

Alternative to importing food - limiting imports

Answer 35

-laws enforcing supermarkets to purchase produce locally -limits availability

Question 36

Alternative to importing food - growing foods

Answer 36

-reduces co2 -grow food in allotments

Question 37

allotments

Answer 37

-communal areas owned by council -allow ppl w/o gardens to grow/plant

Question 38

Managing water quality - legislation

Answer 38

-UK enforces strict laws to limit the amount of pollutants = fines issued if not -but domestic waste cannot be monitored

Question 39

Managing water quality - education

Answer 39

-advertising = advice on reducing it -information on how to correctly dispose of things

Question 40

Managing water quality - water treatment

Answer 40

-local plants will remove solids -treat it so its safe -expensive for councils to maintain

Question 41

Managing water quality - infrastructure

Answer 41

-improved sewers or pipes -reduce leaks/spillages -expenive + more water bills

Question 42

fossil fuels

Answer 42

-include coal,oil,gas -release co2 when burnt -non renewable

Question 43

renewable energy

Answer 43

-sources that can be reused -clean -high expenses -energy output is lower

Question 44

Nuclear energy

Answer 44

-uses uranium to produce electricity -finite

Question 45

Fossil fuel - pros

Answer 45

-provides jobs in mining -supports economic growth in rural areas

Question 46

Fossil fuels - cons

Answer 46

-noise pollution -large pipelines disturb habitats -more co2

Question 47

Fracking - pros

Answer 47

-provides alternative to coal -more jobs = more tax

Question 48

Fracking - cons

Answer 48

-water stress = harder and more expensive for locals -crop shortages from water stress -contaminated groundwater -minor earth tremors

Question 49

Nuclear power - pros

Answer 49

-creates jobs in research -less polluting = no co2

Question 50

Fracking

Answer 50

-high pressure water mixed with chemicals -to shatter shale rock - releases natural gas