Paper 1: UK's Natural Hazards

Question 1

polar continental air mass - central europe

Answer 1

-hot air = dry summers
-sold air = snow

Question 2

Arctic maritime air mass - arctic

Answer 2

-cold air bring snow in winter

Question 3

polar maritime air mass - arctic

Answer 3

-wet cold air = showery weather

Question 4

returning polar maritime - Arctic/greenland

Answer 4

-unstable moist air = rain

Question 5

tropical maritime air mass - atlantic

Answer 5

-warm air = rain and mild weather

Question 6

tropical continental air mass

Answer 6

-from north africa
-hot dry air = dry summers

Question 7

scotland and northern england air mass

Answer 7

-polar and arctic

Question 8

south east england air mass

Answer 8

tropical so warmer temps

Question 9

UK drought: characteristics

Answer 9

-15 or more days with less than 0.2 mm rain
-causes wildfires
- water supply issues

Question 10

Uk drought: causes

Answer 10

-high pressure systems bring clear skies and hot air
from tropical

Question 11

uk storm characteristics

Answer 11

-heavy rain
strong wind = damage
-forecasts give warning = allow for prep
-airline/rail cancel services

Question 12

uk storm causes

Answer 12

-low pressure
-warm air from south meets cool air from north
-warm air rises = strong winds
-condenses = rainfall

Question 13

depressions

Answer 13

-periods of high winds and heavy rain

Question 14

uk flooding characteristics

Answer 14

-heavy rain = flash flood
-rivers flood
-evacuations

Question 15

uk flooding causes

Answer 15

-heavy rainfall
-persistent rain

Question 16

uk extreme cold characteristics

Answer 16

-brings ice and snow
-crop failure = famine
-death of cattle
-icy roads = car accidents

Question 17

uk extreme cold causes

Answer 17

-jet streams move further south than usual
brings depressions

Question 18

jet streams

Answer 18

-strong westerly winds

Question 19

Storm desmond: social impacts

Answer 19

-6000 homes in cumbria were flooded
-elder died as he was washed away

Question 20

Storm desmond: economic impacts

Answer 20

-businesses were flooded
-profit lost and jobs lost
-tourism industry = roads damaged
-home owners had to claim insurance = higher premiums now
-house values dropped = harder to sell homes

Question 21

Storm desmond: environmental impacts

Answer 21

-covered woodland
-lack of food and shelter = decline in number
-lots of burrowing animals = rabbits drowned

Question 22

moveable flood wall

Answer 22

-wall erected by river banks at high discharge
-river has more room to rise
-can be removed easily
-doesn’t spoil views
-expensive

Question 23

flood alert system

Answer 23

-floods are monitored
-residents are alerted based on severity
-plan and prepare
-sent to phones directly

Question 24

restoring peatland

Answer 24

-absorbs water upstream
-reduces river discharge downstream
-protects settlements

Question 25

UK weather becoming more extreme?

Answer 25

-recent and rapid changes in temp and rain
-rate suggests man made effects

Question 26

evidence for uk’s weather becoming more extreme

Answer 26

-ten hottest years since 1884 have occurred from 2000
-more frequent extreme hot events

Question 27

rainfall changes in UK?

Answer 27

-winter rainfall levels have increased
-decreased during summer

Question 28

evidence for rainfall changes in UK

Answer 28

-5/10 wettest recorded yrs have occurred 2000
-12.5% wetter this decade compared to others

Question 29

man made factors have caused climate change

Answer 29

-industrial revolution
-more co2 emitted