pancrease Flashcards
descirbe the sorounding structures of the pancrease
look up on google
where is teh pancrease
a long, flat gland that lies horizontally behind your stomach. It has a role in digestion and in regulating the level of sugar in your blood.
draw a ct scan of the pancrease
draw
define endocrine
: Secretion into the blood stream to have effect on distant target organ (Autocrine/Paracrine) - Ductless Glands
defien autocrine
: Secretion into a duct to have direct local effect
Q. What are the main endocrine secretions of the pancreas & their actions?
Insulin: anabolic hormone
promotes glucose transport into cells & storage as glycogen
↓ blood glucose
promotes protein synthesis & lipogenesis
Glucagon: ↑s gluconeogenesis & glycogenolysis (↑s blood glucose)
Somatostatin: “Endocrine cyanide”
what makes up the endocrine of the pancrease
Islets of Langerhans
what is secreated by the islets of langerham
Secrete hormones into blood - Insulin & Glucagon (also Somatostatin and Pancreatic Polypeptide)
what are the function of each of the hormones
Regulation of blood glucose, metabolism & growth effects - (Endocrine course)
what is the exocrine function of the gland
Secretes pancreatic juice
Digestive function
where is pancreatic juice secreated
into duodenum via MPD/sphincter of Oddi/ampulla
what are acinini in the pancrease
Ducts
Acini are grape-like clusters of secretory units
what is teh function of the acinar cells
Acinar cells secrete pro-enzymes into ducts
what are islets in the pancrease
Formation of acini & islets from ducts in various stages of development
what do islets differntiate into
α- and β-cells secreting into blood
where are the islets higher in head or tail
tail
what is the compisition of teh islets
α-cells
β-cells
δ-cells
Acini
what is the function of the a cells
form about 15-20% of islet tissue and secrete glucagon
b cells
form about 60-70% of islet tissue and secrete insulin
delta
form about 5-10% of islet tissue and secrete somatostatin
what is another function of the islets
The islets are highly vascular, ensuring that all endocrine cells have close access to a site for secretion
how are acinar cells illustrated on a microscope sample
exocrine pancreatic cells
Large with apical secretion granules
big circle in them containg other smaller circles
how do ducts look like
Small & pale
how many components are the to the pancreatic juice
2