Depression & Schizophrenia Flashcards
why do psychiatrist do home visits
More efficient (they may not show up at a clinic)
patient won’t have to travel
look at them in their own environment
what is delusion
a belief that is totally fixed and unbeatable
what are the core features in depression (3)
Pervasive low (overwhelming) mood/sadness Loss of energy (anergia) Loss of enjoyment (anhedonia)
what is the term used to describe the loss in enjoyment in life
anhedonia
Examples of physical symptoms (7)
Loss of appetite Weight loss Diurnal variation of mood Poor sleep Loss of libido Constipation Psychomotor slowing or agitation
when will someone with depression feel the worst
in the mornings
what causes diurnal variation of mood
Waking up earlier than usual
lying in bed dreading the day ahead
When you get out of bed, you’d feel miserable
but you’d feel better by the evening
Examples of psychological symptoms (7)
Poor concentration Feelings of guilt Feelings of hopelessness Low self-esteem Indecisive Suicidal ideation Delusions
what is the biggest risk factor for depression in the elderly
social isolation
consequences of depression
increase physical health morbidity, social morbidity
and increase in mortality
which gender is most likely to be diagnosed by depression
Women are twice as likely to be diagnosed than men.
is their a correlation between depression and unemployment
Depression represents the largest group of people claiming health-related benefits in England – indicating high levels of unemployment
are men more or less likely to commit suicide compared to females
more likely
Male to female ratio of 3:1
what medication used to treat depression
Antidepressants
when do the effects of the medication show
Usually a response after 2-3 weeks
An example of psychological therapies to treat depression
cognitive behavioural therapy
-12 sessions
a benefit to the treatment
it has a long lasting effect
what is social prescribing
getting people to exercise
or getting people to socialise
can people recover from depression
yes, 90% of patients make a full recovery
what is bipolar disorder
NHS definition
Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition that affects your moods, which can swing from 1 extreme to another.
what two extremes do they switch between
depression and mania
symptoms of mania (9)
Elated mood Irritability Over-energized Grandiose Little need for sleep Poor concentration Poor judgement Over-spending Rapid speech
what is grandiose
is an exaggerated sense of one’s importance, power, knowledge, or identity, even if there is little evidence to support the beliefs.
extracampine hallucinations
a hallucination arising from outside the normal field of perception
symptoms of schizophrenia (5)
Hallucination Delusion Abnormal Behaviour Disorganised speech Disturbances of emotions
What is meant by Hallucination
hearing, seeing or feeling things that are not there.
What is meant by Delusion
fixed false beliefs not shared by others in the person’s culture and that are firmly held even when there is evidence to the contrary.
What is meant by abnormal Behaviour
disorganised behavior such as wandering aimlessly, mumbling or laughing to self, strange appearance, self-neglect or appearing unkempt
What is meant by Disorganised speech
incoherent or irrelevant speech
Disturbances of emotions
marked apathy or disconnect between reported emotion and what is observed such as facial expression or body language
what are delusion of Passivity
believing people will control their body and their mind
what is meant by affect
subjective emotional expression
what is the formal thought disorder
Failing to follow the semantic and syntactic rules of language
(although you’re speaking words, the words aren’t formed in sentences which are meaningful)
what is a major inequality for people with SMI (severe mental illness)
Life expectancy is reduced by 15-20 years in patients with SMI.
why
access to healthcare
unhealthy living
medications
risk taking
what are the treatments/therapies for Schizophrenia? (4)
Antipsychotics
Psychological therapies
Family therapy
Arts therapies
Example:
“The imaginary isn’t as we know forever illness partakes us to terrible gains and losses because idols are false and God is great minded besides forever I have sent to the West”
Adults with SMI are twice as likely to have long term conditions, and poorer health outcomes because of this.
Strongly associated with smoking, alcohol and substance misuse: psychosis is associated with cannabis consumption.
