atomic nervous system Flashcards by J A

ANS Sub-division of the

peripheral nervous system

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

is it ubder consius control

NOT under conscious control

automotic

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what does it control

Controls non-skeletal peripheral function:

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

examples

Cardiac muscle (heart)
Smooth muscle
Internal organs
Skin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

somatic sensory responds to what stimuli

external

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Visceral sensory

responds to what stimuli

internal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

how are the info carried to the brain

via cranial/spinal nerves (PNS)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

lastly

relayed to the brain

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is teh sensory division known as

afferent

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

and the motor

efferent

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what are the 2 branches of the motor division

Somatic motor

Visceral motor

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

which path do the para/sympthatetic pathways originate from

Visceral motor

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what arises from the efferent divsion

somatic and automic nervous system

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is the automic nervsous system branches

sympathetic and para

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

function of Parasympathetic

“Rest & Digest”

Routine maintenance

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Sympathetic

function

“Fight & Flight”
Mobilisation & increased
metabolism

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

can they innervate/stimulate the same tissue

yes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what affect

opposing/antagonistic

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

pns and sns affect on STOMACH

Parasympathetic
higher motility & secretions of digesting enzmye
opposite for s

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Liver pns and sns

more bile release in pns

sns: more glucose

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is the other exception to opposing rule

SNS controls blood vessel tone – both constriction and dilation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what do baroreceptors respond to

blood pressure

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

if bp is high

the baroreceptors firing rate is high

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

how is the sypmathtic nervous system dominant ove rpns

e.g. baroreceptor firing rate drop
stimulus to inhibit the sympathetic nervous system drops
so sns switches on

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is the system called

disinhibition | In psychology, disinhibition is a lack of restraint manifested in

Visceral motor nuclei originate in

the hypothalamus.

where do the VMN project to next

brainstem/spinal cord

what happens there

they synapse with automin nuerons §

In general, autonomic neurons consist of how many nuerons

two neurons

what are they

a pre-ganglionic and a post-ganglionic neuron

what is a ganglion

nerve cell cluster or group of nerve cell bodies

describe the ganglions in PNS

Long pre-ganglionic fibres Ganglions close to (or embedded within) effector tissues. so a Short post-ganglionic fibres

and SNS

Short pre-ganglionic fibres Ganglions close to spinal cord. Long post-ganglionic fibres

what is the sympathetic trunks

lots of nerves running parralell to the spinal cord

what doe sit cause

mass activation

what is the one exception to two neuron arrangement in ANS

Sympathetic innervation of the adrenal gland

what is inbetween the pre and post ganglionic fibres

the ganglion

how does it differ to the 2 nueron rule

only has one nerve stimulating the adrenal gland

what do both pre and post ganglionic fibres release at their synapse at the PNS

Ach = Acetylcholine

w a the sypmathetic pre and post ganglionic fibres

pre releases Ach = Acetylcholine post releases NA = Noradrenaline

why doesnt the Sympathetic NS when activating the adrenal gland have a post gf

Adrenal gland secretes a hormone NOT a neurotransmitter Adrenaline (and some noradrenaline) Secreted into bloodstream NOT synapse

what part of the adrena gland relasaes adrenaline

medulla

how many sympathetic nuerons are there in the lung

There are NO sympathetic neurons innervating the lung tissue only PN

so how does dilation of the | broncho take place

SNS stimulate teh release of adrenaline from adrenal medulla a will pass to the lung via blood diffuse into the long causing broncho dilation

when smelling food what nervous system is activated

PNS tells stomach to strat contratcing and relaseaing digestion enzymes reflex response

what is the guts own nervous system called

enteric nervous system | nervous control in gut that can occur independenlty of the gut

what is the sensory information recived by your bladder

pressure

what muscle does the PNS control

Detrusor muscle

function

control the bladder

what does the SNS control

Internal sphincter

moderate pressure is controlled by what

SNS the Internal sphincter | is closed/contracted

what happens as it reaches a certain point

para switched on and s switched off

causing

Detrusor muscle Contracts Internal sphincter Relaxes

Q: What type of receptor would you want at autonomic ganglia?

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor Ion channel receptor

what is special aboutIon channel receptor

FAST response (msecs)Mediate all fast excitatory and inhibitory transmission

function of Nicotinic acetylcholine (nACh) receptors

mediate the responses to acetylcholine released from preganglionic fibres at all autonomic ganglia.

what do they do at sympathetic nerves to the adrenal gland

mediate the response to acetylcholine released by sympathetic nerves innervating the adrenal medulla

what are Muscarinic Ach receptor

respond to Ach release from post-ganglionic PNS fibres.

Adrenergic receptors

respond to NA release from post-ganglionic SNS fibres or adrenaline via blood.

what type of receptors are both of them

g coupled protien receptors

how to make acetly choline

Choline + acetyl CoA

what enzyme needed

choline acetyl transferase

how is Ach degraded and where

synapse | acetylcholinesterase

what happens to the choline

taken up into preST or glial by choline uptake protien

What happens if you block acetylcholinesterase?

accumalation of ach | more powerful affect

how is noradrelanine made | step 1

Tyrosine converted to DOPA

by what enxyme

by tyrosine hydroxylase

next step

DOPA converted to dopamine

by what enzyme

DOPA decarboxlase

what is packaged in vesicle

Dopamine | dopamine β hydroxylase

what is the product

Noradrenaline

what receptor is activated when Noradrenaline is exocytosed

adrenergic

how is it removed from synapse

synapse via uptake into pre-synaptic terminal or glial cell; | Can be metabolised in the synapse prior to uptake

what protien uptakes it in PreST

uptake 1 protien

and in glial

uptake 2

How would this change for adrenaline release from adrenal gland?

same stuff to convert to noradrelaline | but its then coverted to phenylethanol

where

cytoplasm

by what enzyme

methyl trasnferase

is the exocytosis different

no | same stuff like action potential casuing ca 2+ influx

6. Adrenaline diffuses into capillary and is transported to tissues in the blood

Autonomic sensory (afferent) information relayed to

hypothalamus

where does ANS neurons originate

in brainstem/spinal cord