Paediatrics🧸

Question 1

3 classic symptoms of croup

Answer 1

Barking cough
Hoarse voice
Inspriatory stridor

Question 2

What age is HPV vaccine routinely given?

Answer 2

12-13

Question 3

Symptoms of Hirschprung disease (4)

Answer 3

Delayed meconium passage
Constipation
Abdominal distension
Explosive stool release following DRE

Question 4

What age is the MenACWY vaccine offered?

Answer 4

17-18

Question 5

Second line treatment for Croup

Answer 5

Nebulised adrenaline - if dexamethasone fails

Question 6

Bronchiolitis management upon hospital admission?

Answer 6

High flow oxygen

Question 7

What is Palivizumab and what is it used for?

Answer 7

A monoclonal antibody

Prevention of RSV infections

Question 8

What is the next step in acute asthma attack after partial response to bronchodilator?

Answer 8

Oral prednisolone

Question 9

What starts to happen when intussusception is progressing to complication?

Answer 9

Abdominal distension and tenderness

Question 10

Pathophysiology of Hirschsprung’s disease

Answer 10

Absence of ganglion cells in my enteric and submucosal plexus

Question 11

Rescue medication for children with recurrent febrile seizures

Answer 11

Rectal diazepam or buccal midazolam

Question 12

What diseases are included in the 6 in 1 vaccine?

Answer 12

Diphtheria
Hepatitis B
Hib (h.influenzae b)
Polio
Tetanus
Whooping cough

Question 13

When is the 6 in 1 vaccine given?

Answer 13

8, 12, 16 weeks old

Question 14

What sign is found on abdominal US for intussusception?

Answer 14

Target sign

Question 15

Most appropriate investigation to confirm IgE mediated CMPA?

Answer 15

Serum-specific IgE testing

Question 16

Typical age Perthe’s disease presents

Answer 16

4-8 yrs

Question 17

Symptoms of Perthe’s disease

Answer 17

Gradual onset painless limp
Restricted hip movement

Question 18

X ray findings Perthe’s disease

Answer 18

Femoral head flattening
Reduction in epiphysis size

Question 19

Complication of Hirschsprung’s disease

Answer 19

Toxic mega colon

Question 20

Neurological exam findings in cerebral palsy

Answer 20

Toe-walking
Scissor gait
Increased muscle tone
Brisk reflexes
Positive Babinski sign

Question 21

Symptoms of CMPA?

Answer 21

Frequent vomiting
Loose stools - sometimes blood
Poor weight gain
Abdominal distension
Erythematous skin changes

Question 22

Most appropriate investigation for non-IgE mediated CMPA?

Answer 22

Elimination diet and challenge

Question 23

Key clinical feature of DDH?

Answer 23

Limited hip abduction

Question 24

Classic presentation of Meckel’s diverticulum?

Answer 24

Painless rectal bleeding
Normal US
No other history

Question 25

3 signs of Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis

Answer 25

Fever Abdo distension Explosive diarrhoea

Question 26

Gold Standard investigation for Meckel’s diverticulum

Answer 26

Technetium-99m pertechnetate scan

Question 27

What is a Technetium-99m pertechnetate scan?

Answer 27

Nuclear imaging - ‘Meckel’s scan’ Detects ectopic gastric mucosa

Question 28

4 areas of child development

Answer 28

Gross motor Fine motor Hearing and speech Social

Question 29

When should a baby have a social smile?

Answer 29

8 weeks

Question 30

When should a baby sit with support?

Answer 30

6 months

Question 31

When should a baby pull to stand?

Answer 31

12 months

Question 32

When should a baby have pincer grip?

Answer 32

9 months

Question 33

Gold standard investigation for Hirschsprung’s

Answer 33

Rectal biopsy

Question 34

First line treatment for closing a patent ductus arteriosus

Answer 34

IV indomethacin or ibuprofen

Question 35

Fragile X syndrome inheritance pattern

Answer 35

X linked dominant

Question 36

3 facial features of fragile X

Answer 36

Macroencephaly Prominent ears and jaw

Question 37

Empirical antibiotics for neonatal bacterial meningitis

Answer 37

IV cefotaxime and IV amoxicillin

Question 38

Whooping cough antibiotic

Answer 38

Azithromycin

Question 39

Bronchiolitis treatment

Answer 39

Supportive - oxygenation & hydration

Question 40

How long should a febrile convulsion last to warrant calling ambulance

Answer 40

>5 mins

Question 41

When does cow’s milk protein allergy usually resolve

Answer 41

By 5 years old

Question 42

Causative organism of hand, foot and mouth disease

Answer 42

Coxsackievirus

Question 43

Patent ductus arteriosus - management postnatal

Answer 43

Indomethacin or ibuprofen given to baby

Question 44

3 signs of tetralogy of fallout

Answer 44

Cyanosis or collapse in 1st month Hypercyanotic spells Ejection systolic murmur left SE

Question 45

Whooping cough school exclusion

Answer 45

48 hours after starting antibiotics

Question 46

What to monitor when given methylphenidate

Answer 46

Weight and height every 6 months

Question 47

Most common cause of stridor in children

Answer 47

Laryngomalacia

Question 48

Peak age of Bronchiolitis

Answer 48

3-6 months age

Question 49

When to review an undescended testicle in a newborn

Answer 49

3 months

Question 50

First line treatment croup

Answer 50

Oral dexamethasone 0.15mg/kg

Question 51

Most common causative organism of Bronchiolitis

Answer 51

RSV

Question 52

Risk factor for neonatal hypoglycaemia

Answer 52

Born <37 weeks

Question 53

What type of collagen defect is in osteogenesis imperfecta?

Answer 53

Type 1

Question 54

Best test for mumps

Answer 54

IgM salivary testing

Question 55

Treatment hand, foot and mouth

Answer 55

Supportive only