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Medicine👩🏼‍⚕️🩺 > Paediatrics🧸 > Flashcards

Paediatrics🧸 Flashcards

1
Q

3 classic symptoms of croup

A

Barking cough
Hoarse voice
Inspriatory stridor

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2
Q

What age is HPV vaccine routinely given?

A

12-13

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3
Q

Symptoms of Hirschprung disease (4)

A

Delayed meconium passage
Constipation
Abdominal distension
Explosive stool release following DRE

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4
Q

What age is the MenACWY vaccine offered?

A

17-18

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5
Q

Second line treatment for Croup

A

Nebulised adrenaline - if dexamethasone fails

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6
Q

Bronchiolitis management upon hospital admission?

A

High flow oxygen

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7
Q

What is Palivizumab and what is it used for?

A

A monoclonal antibody

Prevention of RSV infections

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8
Q

What is the next step in acute asthma attack after partial response to bronchodilator?

A

Oral prednisolone

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9
Q

What starts to happen when intussusception is progressing to complication?

A

Abdominal distension and tenderness

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10
Q

Pathophysiology of Hirschsprung’s disease

A

Absence of ganglion cells in my enteric and submucosal plexus

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11
Q

Rescue medication for children with recurrent febrile seizures

A

Rectal diazepam or buccal midazolam

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12
Q

What diseases are included in the 6 in 1 vaccine?

A

Diphtheria
Hepatitis B
Hib (h.influenzae b)
Polio
Tetanus
Whooping cough

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13
Q

When is the 6 in 1 vaccine given?

A

8, 12, 16 weeks old

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14
Q

What sign is found on abdominal US for intussusception?

A

Target sign

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15
Q

Most appropriate investigation to confirm IgE mediated CMPA?

A

Serum-specific IgE testing

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16
Q

Typical age Perthe’s disease presents

A

4-8 yrs

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17
Q

Symptoms of Perthe’s disease

A

Gradual onset painless limp
Restricted hip movement

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18
Q

X ray findings Perthe’s disease

A

Femoral head flattening
Reduction in epiphysis size

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19
Q

Complication of Hirschsprung’s disease

A

Toxic mega colon

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20
Q

Neurological exam findings in cerebral palsy

A

Toe-walking
Scissor gait
Increased muscle tone
Brisk reflexes
Positive Babinski sign

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21
Q

Symptoms of CMPA?

A

Frequent vomiting
Loose stools - sometimes blood
Poor weight gain
Abdominal distension
Erythematous skin changes

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22
Q

Most appropriate investigation for non-IgE mediated CMPA?

A

Elimination diet and challenge

23
Q

Key clinical feature of DDH?

A

Limited hip abduction

24
Q

Classic presentation of Meckel’s diverticulum?

A

Painless rectal bleeding
Normal US
No other history

25
Q

3 signs of Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis

A

Fever
Abdo distension
Explosive diarrhoea

26
Q

Gold Standard investigation for Meckel’s diverticulum

A

Technetium-99m pertechnetate scan

27
Q

What is a Technetium-99m pertechnetate scan?

A

Nuclear imaging - ‘Meckel’s scan’

Detects ectopic gastric mucosa

28
Q

4 areas of child development

A

Gross motor
Fine motor
Hearing and speech
Social

29
Q

When should a baby have a social smile?

A

8 weeks

30
Q

When should a baby sit with support?

A

6 months

31
Q

When should a baby pull to stand?

A

12 months

32
Q

When should a baby have pincer grip?

A

9 months

33
Q

Gold standard investigation for Hirschsprung’s

A

Rectal biopsy

34
Q

First line treatment for closing a patent ductus arteriosus

A

IV indomethacin or ibuprofen

35
Q

Fragile X syndrome inheritance pattern

A

X linked dominant

36
Q

3 facial features of fragile X

A

Macroencephaly
Prominent ears and jaw

37
Q

Empirical antibiotics for neonatal bacterial meningitis

A

IV cefotaxime and IV amoxicillin

38
Q

Whooping cough antibiotic

A

Azithromycin

39
Q

Bronchiolitis treatment

A

Supportive - oxygenation & hydration

40
Q

How long should a febrile convulsion last to warrant calling ambulance

A

> 5 mins

41
Q

When does cow’s milk protein allergy usually resolve

A

By 5 years old

42
Q

Causative organism of hand, foot and mouth disease

A

Coxsackievirus

43
Q

Patent ductus arteriosus - management postnatal

A

Indomethacin or ibuprofen given to baby

44
Q

3 signs of tetralogy of fallout

A

Cyanosis or collapse in 1st month
Hypercyanotic spells
Ejection systolic murmur left SE

45
Q

Whooping cough school exclusion

A

48 hours after starting antibiotics

46
Q

What to monitor when given methylphenidate

A

Weight and height every 6 months

47
Q

Most common cause of stridor in children

A

Laryngomalacia

48
Q

Peak age of Bronchiolitis

A

3-6 months age

49
Q

When to review an undescended testicle in a newborn

A

3 months

50
Q

First line treatment croup

A

Oral dexamethasone 0.15mg/kg

51
Q

Most common causative organism of Bronchiolitis

A

RSV

52
Q

Risk factor for neonatal hypoglycaemia

A

Born <37 weeks

53
Q

What type of collagen defect is in osteogenesis imperfecta?

A

Type 1

Medicine👩🏼‍⚕️🩺 (23 decks)

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