Geriatrics🌅

Question 1

Important management in vascular dementia

Answer 1

Control risk factors! Start antihypertensives

Question 2

MOA of donepezil?

Answer 2

Cholinesterase inhibitor

Question 3

How can metformin contribute to delirium in CKD and AKI?

Answer 3

Accumulates —> lactic acidosis

Question 4

Antipsychotic to be avoided in Lewy Body dementia?

Answer 4

Haloperidol

Question 5

Core diagnostic feature of Lewy body dementia?

Answer 5

Fluctuating cognition

Question 6

What is Pick’s disease a subtype of?

Answer 6

Frontotemporal dementia

Question 7

Characteristic findings of Pick’s disease

Answer 7

Apathy
Social withdrawal
Repetitive speech

Question 8

MRI findings in Pick’s disease

Answer 8

Focal frontal and temporal lobe atrophy
‘Knife-like’ gyri

Question 9

Pathophysiology of FTD?

Answer 9

Tau protein aggregation

Question 10

Alzheimer’s disease has a decrease in what neurotransmitter?

Answer 10

Acetylcholine

Question 11

Initial management t of FTD?

Answer 11

Supportive care and counselling

Pharmacological treatments not rlly effective

Question 12

Where is Broca’s area located?

Answer 12

Frontal lobe, dominant hemisphere

Question 13

Where is Wernicke’s area located?

Answer 13

Left temporal lobe

Question 14

What happens when Broca’s area is affected?

Answer 14

Difficulty speaking and forming meaningful sentences

Question 15

What happens if Wernicke’s area is affected?

Answer 15

Difficulty understanding, speech lacks meaning

Question 16

Managing Stage 1 pressure ulcer

Answer 16

Reposition every 2 hours

Question 17

What MMSE score strongly indicates Alzhemier’s?

Answer 17

< 24

Question 18

Initial drug treatment for Alzheimer’s

Answer 18

Donepezil

Question 19

Immediate treatment of delirium tremens

Answer 19

IV thiamine and benzodiazepine

Question 20

Some symptoms of high anticholinergic burden (6)

Answer 20

Dry eyes
Constipation
Blurred vision
Tachycardia
Urinary retention
Confusion

Question 21

Some drugs with high anticholinergic burden (6)

Answer 21

1st gen antihistamines
Tricyclic antidepressants
Antimuscarinics
Antispasmodics
Antiemetics
Parkinson’s meds

Question 22

What would you see on MRI in Alzhemier’s?

Answer 22

Generalised atrophy - especially in parietal and temporal

Question 23

Advice for those with osteoporosis

Answer 23

Weight bearing and Ad Cal D3

Question 24

How do stage 2 pressure ulcers present?

Answer 24

Shallow, open ulcers with red-pink wound bed

Question 25

What type of dressing should be used in stage 2 pressure ulcer?

Answer 25

Non-adherent