Geriatrics🌅 Flashcards
Important management in vascular dementia
Control risk factors! Start antihypertensives
MOA of donepezil?
Cholinesterase inhibitor
How can metformin contribute to delirium in CKD and AKI?
Accumulates —> lactic acidosis
Antipsychotic to be avoided in Lewy Body dementia?
Haloperidol
Core diagnostic feature of Lewy body dementia?
Fluctuating cognition
What is Pick’s disease a subtype of?
Frontotemporal dementia
Characteristic findings of Pick’s disease
Apathy
Social withdrawal
Repetitive speech
MRI findings in Pick’s disease
Focal frontal and temporal lobe atrophy
‘Knife-like’ gyri
Pathophysiology of FTD?
Tau protein aggregation
Alzheimer’s disease has a decrease in what neurotransmitter?
Acetylcholine
Initial management t of FTD?
Supportive care and counselling
Pharmacological treatments not rlly effective
Where is Broca’s area located?
Frontal lobe, dominant hemisphere
Where is Wernicke’s area located?
Left temporal lobe
What happens when Broca’s area is affected?
Difficulty speaking and forming meaningful sentences
What happens if Wernicke’s area is affected?
Difficulty understanding, speech lacks meaning
Managing Stage 1 pressure ulcer
Reposition every 2 hours
What MMSE score strongly indicates Alzhemier’s?
< 24
Initial drug treatment for Alzheimer’s
Donepezil
Immediate treatment of delirium tremens
IV thiamine and benzodiazepine
Some symptoms of high anticholinergic burden (6)
Dry eyes
Constipation
Blurred vision
Tachycardia
Urinary retention
Confusion
Some drugs with high anticholinergic burden (6)
1st gen antihistamines
Tricyclic antidepressants
Antimuscarinics
Antispasmodics
Antiemetics
Parkinson’s meds
What would you see on MRI in Alzhemier’s?
Generalised atrophy - especially in parietal and temporal
Advice for those with osteoporosis
Weight bearing and Ad Cal D3
How do stage 2 pressure ulcers present?
Shallow, open ulcers with red-pink wound bed
What type of dressing should be used in stage 2 pressure ulcer?
Non-adherent
