Obs And Gynae🧚🏼‍♀️

Question 1

Why are GnRH agonists used preoperatively for uterine fibroids?

Answer 1

Reduce the size and vascularity of the fibroids

Question 2

What agonists are used preoperatively for symptomatic uterine fibroids?

Answer 2

GnRH agonists

Question 3

Dose of folic acid for BMI > 30

Answer 3

5mg

Question 4

How soon should BMI>30 women start folic acid before pregnancy?

Answer 4

1 month before conception

Question 5

How to confirm absence of sperm after vasectomy?

Answer 5

Semen analysis

Question 6

When can the copper IUD be used for emergency contraception?

Answer 6

5 days after unprotected sex
Within 5 days of earliest expected ovulation

Question 7

When is levonorgestrel effective emergency contraceptive?

Answer 7

Within 72 hours

Question 8

At what BP should antihypertensives be started in gestational hypertension?

Answer 8

140/90

Question 9

What is target BP for gestational hypertension?

Answer 9

< 135/85

Question 10

Important side effect of methyldopa if continued post partum

Answer 10

Increased risk of depression

Question 11

First line management in gestational diabetes?

Answer 11

Metformin

Question 12

Positive side effect of COCP?

Answer 12

Potential improvement in skin

Question 13

Suitable contraception for those with history of mild acne?

Answer 13

COCP

Question 14

First line management for atrophic vaginitis

Answer 14

Topical oestrogen

Question 15

When are Hb levels checked in pregnancy?

Answer 15

At booking, and 28 weeks

Question 16

Smear test follow up for HPV positive, negative cytology smear

Answer 16

Repeat in 12 months

Question 17

Gestational diabetes management when glucose >7

Answer 17

Immediate insulin

Question 18

What does HELLP stand for

Answer 18

Haemolysis, elevated liver, low platelets

Question 19

Risk factors for ovarian cancer (4)

Answer 19

Obesity
Nulliparity
Family history
Older Age

Question 20

Protective factors against ovarian cancer (2)

Answer 20

Long term COCP use
Breastfeeding

Question 21

When do we screen for gestational diabetes?

Answer 21

24-28 weeks

Question 22

Misoprostol MOA

Answer 22

PGE analogue, causing uterine contractions and cervical softening

Question 23

1st line treatment for PID

Answer 23

IM ceftriaxone 1g
Oral doxycycline 100mg BD AND
Oral metronidazole 400mg BD for 14 days

Question 24

POP MOA

Answer 24

Thickening of cervical mucus

Question 25

GnRH agonists cause which deficiency?

Answer 25

Oestrogen deficiency

Question 26

Primary MOA of COCP

Answer 26

Suppression of ovulation through inhibiting gonadotropin release from HPO axis

Question 27

Most common cause of PPH?

Answer 27

Uterine atony

Question 28

1st line management of uterine atony

Answer 28

IV oxytocin

Question 29

1st line management of uterine atony

Answer 29

IV oxytocin

Question 30

Most likely cause of PPH in women with previous c sections?

Answer 30

Placenta accreta

Question 31

Target Hb for pregnant women with iron deficiency in 3rd trimester

Answer 31

>105 g/L

Question 32

Immediate priority when there’s umbilical cord prolapse

Answer 32

Manually elevate presenting part

Question 33

Effective non-hormonal treatment for vasomotor menopausal symptoms

Answer 33

SSRIs e.g. citalopram

Question 34

How long after last ever period should women >50 use contraception for?

Answer 34

12 months

Question 35

What cancer needs to be ruled out with postmenopausal bleeding?

Answer 35

Endometrial

Question 36

Primary mechanism of progesterone-only injectable?

Answer 36

Inhibits ovulation

Question 37

First line investigation for fibroids

Answer 37

TVUS

Question 38

How long should you avoid breastfeeding for after taking LNG as emergency contraception?

Answer 38

8 hours

Question 39

What to do if the POP is more than 12 hours late?

Answer 39

Take missed pill immediately, additional contraception for next 2 days

Question 40

Initial investigation for DVT in pregnancy

Answer 40

Compression duplex US

Question 41

Common side effect of the progesterone only injection?

Answer 41

Irregular bleeding Weight gain

Question 42

When can COCP be started after giving birth?

Answer 42

21 days after

Question 43

Glucose result diagnosing gestational diabetes

Answer 43

Fasting >5.6

Question 44

Absolute contraindication to COCP

Answer 44

Uncontrolled hypertension <6 weeks post partum Previous VTE

Question 45

Protective factor against ovarian cancer

Answer 45

Breastfeeding

Question 46

Factor that increases risk of cervical cancer

Answer 46

Early age at first sexual intercourse

Question 47

No. of days required for the progesterone-only injection to be effective

Answer 47

7

Question 48

Differentiate between vasa praevia and placenta praevia

Answer 48

Vasa praevia - happens after membrane rupture

Question 49

Anticoagulants for antiphospholipid syndrome in pregnancy

Answer 49

Aspirin and LMWH

Question 50

What age is ‘early menopause’

Answer 50

40-45

Question 51

What age is ‘premature ovarian insufficiency’

Answer 51

< 40

Question 52

3 functions of oestrogen

Answer 52

Anti inflammatory Protection of small blood vessels Bone health

Question 53

Why is progesterone used in HRT?

Answer 53

For uterine protection

Question 54

When would you not give progesterone as HRT?

Answer 54

If the lady doesn’t have a uterus