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Medicine👩🏼‍⚕️🩺 > Opthalmology👁️ > Flashcards

Opthalmology👁️ Flashcards

1
Q

Symptoms of Anterior Uveitis

A

Painful
Red eye
Photophobia
Blurred Vision
Irregular Pupil

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2
Q

Anterior Uveitis - Painless or Painful?

A

Painful

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3
Q

Anterior Uveitis Treatment

A

Cyclopentolate (cycloplegic)
Corticosteroids

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4
Q

How does cyclopentolate relieve eye pain?

A

Paralysing ciliary muscle and preventing synechiae

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5
Q

What are synchiae?

A

Adhesions between tissues in the eye e.g. when iris is inflamed

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6
Q

What antibody is specific to primary Sjögren’s syndrome?

A

Anti-Ro / La

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7
Q

What does primary Sjögren’s syndrome do?

A

Inflammation-mediated destruction of lacrimal and salivary glands

Not associated with an underlying disease

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8
Q

Symptoms of primary Sjögren’s syndrome

A

Dry eyes
Dry mouth despite drinking lots

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9
Q

What does Schirmer’s test do?

A

Assesses amount of tears in the eyes, used to diagnose dry eyes

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10
Q

What does Schirmer’s test positive mean?

A

Dry eyes

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11
Q

Symptoms of Dry AMD?

A

Reduced visual acuity - near and central
Variability in disturbance day to day
Poor night vision
Glare
Photopsia - perceived flickering of lights

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12
Q

‘Cherry-red spot’ on fundoscopy indicates what?

A

CRAO

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13
Q

Latanoprost MOA?

A

PGE analogue
Increases uveoscleral outflow by increasing scleras permeability to aqueous humour

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14
Q

Best imaging for optic neuritis?

A

MRI Head

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15
Q

What feature suggests stye as opposed to a chalazion?

A

Lash follicle swelling

It is an abscess in a lash follicle

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16
Q

Scleritis symptoms

A

Red eye
Severe pain
Pain on movement
Blueish tinge to whites (in necrotising)

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17
Q

Urgent eye referral is needed for what condition?

A

Scleritis

18
Q

Eye condition causing sudden headache

A

Acute angle closure glaucoma

19
Q

Symptoms of Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma

A

Sudden headache
Nausea
Loss of vision
Worse at night
Haloes

20
Q

Initial treatment for AACG?

A

Acetazolamide and timolol

21
Q

TB medication that can cause optic neuritis?

A

Ethambutol

Reduced vision, difficulty distinguishing colours, peri ocular pain

22
Q

Major risk factor for retinal detachment

A

Myopia

23
Q

What is primary open angle glaucoma characterised by?

A

Slow, progressive loss of peripheral vision

24
Q

Eye condition associated with SLE?

A

Scleritis

25
Q

Eye condition associated to ankylosing spondylitis

A

Anterior uveitis

26
Q

Best treatment for diabetic retinopathy

A

Pan-retinal photocoagulation

27
Q

Signs of herpes simplex keratitis on fluorescein stain?

A

Dendritic corneal lesions

28
Q

Initial management in CRAO

A

Ocular massage

29
Q

Key diagnostic clues of vitreous haemorrhage

A

Absence of red reflex
Obscured view of retina

30
Q

Gold standard investigation for optic neuritis

A

MRI brain and orbit with contrast

31
Q

Slit lamp findings in cataracts

A

Lens opacity

32
Q

Management of posterior vitreous detachment?

A

Reassure and follow up

33
Q

Examination finding of PVD?

A

Weiss ring

34
Q

Best imaging for optic neuritis

A

MRI brain and orbits with contrast

35
Q

Common microorganism causing contact lens-related keratitis

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

36
Q

Common complication of panretinal photocoagulation

A

Decrease night vision

37
Q

Initial management of dry AMD

A

Lifestyle modifications and nutrition

38
Q

Initial management in wet AMD

A

anti-VEGF

39
Q

Common complication of pan retinal photocoagulation (PRP)

A

Decreased night vision

40
Q

Painless, firm nodule in the eyelid

A

Chalazion

41
Q

Describe a hordeolum (3)

A

Painful, red, swollen

42
Q

First line treatment for mild-moderate scleritis

A

NSAIDs

Medicine👩🏼‍⚕️🩺 (16 decks)

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