Medicines💊

Question 1

What type of antibiotic is erythromycin?

Answer 1

Macrolide

Question 2

MOA of macrolides?

Answer 2

Inhibits 50S subunit assembly

Question 3

Name 2 ototoxic medications

Answer 3

Furosemide and aminoglycosides (e.g. gentamicin)

Question 4

What EAR side effect can furosemide cause?

Answer 4

Sudden bilateral hearing loss

Question 5

Side effect of statins

Answer 5

Myositis
LFT abnormalities

Question 6

Side effect of corticosteroids

Answer 6

Osteoporosis
Glucose changes

Question 7

Drugs that can cause hyperkalaemia (3)

Answer 7

ACEi
Spironolactone
Eplerenone

Question 8

Drugs causing hypokalaemia (3)

Answer 8

Loop & thiazide diuretics
High dose bronchodilators
Mineralocorticoids

Question 9

A drug that can increase serum warfarin

Answer 9

Sodium valproate - cytochrome P450 inhibitor

Question 10

Side effects of omeprazole (3)

Answer 10

Increased risk of C.diff
B12 deficiency
Hypomagnesemia

Question 11

Significant interactions of omeprazole

Answer 11

Reduces clopidogrel (inhibits CYP2C19)
Increases warfarin

Question 12

MOA of ranitidine

Answer 12

Blocks H2 receptors in gastric parietal cells - reduces acid secretion

Question 13

MOA domperidone

Answer 13

Increases gastric motility - blocks D2 receptors

Question 14

Side effects of domperidone

Answer 14

Long QT
Risk of arrhythmia

Question 15

Why use domperidone?

Answer 15

Gastroparesis
N & V

Question 16

MOA metoclopramide

Answer 16

Blocks dopamine D2 receptors, increases gastric emptying

Question 17

Side effects of metoclopramide (3)

Answer 17

Extrapyramidal symptoms
Drowsiness
Long QT

Question 18

Contraindication to metoclopramide

Answer 18

Parkinson’s

Question 19

MOA loperamide

Answer 19

Opioid receptor agonist - reduces peristalsis & increases stool transit

Question 20

When to avoid loperamide

Answer 20

C.diff
Bacterial gastroenteritis

Question 21

MOA Senna

Answer 21

Stimulant laxative - stimulates enteric nerves

Question 22

Side effects of Senna

Answer 22

Abdominal cramping
Diarrhoea
Hypokalaemia (chronic use)

Question 23

MOA lactulose

Answer 23

Osmotic laxative & ammonia reducer

Non-absorbable sugar drawing water into colon

Question 24

MOA mesalazine

Answer 24

Prostaglandin inhibitor

Question 25

Side effects mesalazine (3)

Answer 25

Nephrotoxicity
Pancreatitis
Hypersensitivity reaction

Question 26

Drugs used with caution with mesalazine

Answer 26

NSAIDs

Question 27

MOA prednisolone

Answer 27

Binds glucocortitcoid receptors

Question 28

Side effects prednisolone (4)
CHIO

Answer 28

Osteoporosis
Hyperglycaemia
Immunosuppression
Cushing features

Question 29

Monitoring with prednisolone (3)

Answer 29

Blood glucose
Bone density
Adrenal suppression (chronic)

Question 30

Interactions with prednisolone (2)

Answer 30

NSAIDs - ulcers
Live Vaccines - immunosuppression

Question 31

MOA ondansetron

Answer 31

Blocks 5HT3 receptors

Question 32

Side effects ondansetron

Answer 32

Long QT
Constipation
Headache