Medicines💊 Flashcards
What type of antibiotic is erythromycin?
Macrolide
MOA of macrolides?
Inhibits 50S subunit assembly
Name 2 ototoxic medications
Furosemide and aminoglycosides (e.g. gentamicin)
What EAR side effect can furosemide cause?
Sudden bilateral hearing loss
Side effect of statins
Myositis
LFT abnormalities
Side effect of corticosteroids
Osteoporosis
Glucose changes
Drugs that can cause hyperkalaemia (3)
ACEi
Spironolactone
Eplerenone
Drugs causing hypokalaemia (3)
Loop & thiazide diuretics
High dose bronchodilators
Mineralocorticoids
A drug that can increase serum warfarin
Sodium valproate - cytochrome P450 inhibitor
Side effects of omeprazole (3)
Increased risk of C.diff
B12 deficiency
Hypomagnesemia
Significant interactions of omeprazole
Reduces clopidogrel (inhibits CYP2C19)
Increases warfarin
MOA of ranitidine
Blocks H2 receptors in gastric parietal cells - reduces acid secretion
MOA domperidone
Increases gastric motility - blocks D2 receptors
Side effects of domperidone
Long QT
Risk of arrhythmia
Why use domperidone?
Gastroparesis
N & V
MOA metoclopramide
Blocks dopamine D2 receptors, increases gastric emptying
Side effects of metoclopramide (3)
Extrapyramidal symptoms
Drowsiness
Long QT
Contraindication to metoclopramide
Parkinson’s
MOA loperamide
Opioid receptor agonist - reduces peristalsis & increases stool transit
When to avoid loperamide
C.diff
Bacterial gastroenteritis
MOA Senna
Stimulant laxative - stimulates enteric nerves
Side effects of Senna
Abdominal cramping
Diarrhoea
Hypokalaemia (chronic use)
MOA lactulose
Osmotic laxative & ammonia reducer
Non-absorbable sugar drawing water into colon
MOA mesalazine
Prostaglandin inhibitor
