P1 12. Blood vessels and their role in physical activity Flashcards
what are the three blood vessels
arteries
veins
capillaries
what are arteries
blood vessels which carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the muscles and organs
what are veins
blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood from the muscles and organs to the heart
what are capillaries
blood vessels that wrap around muscles and organs so that gaseous exchange can take place
arteries
carry deoxygenated blood
(and pulmonary vein)
blood pressure is very high
gets higher as we exercise
blood travels at higher speed
thick muscular walls and small lumen
arteries pulse as blood moves through them
arteries dilate to active muscles, incr diameter allowing more blood to pass through
arteries to inactive muscles constrict- less blood carried to them
veins
carry blood to the heart
(and pulmonary artery)
deoxygenated blood
pressure is low
travel at low speed
thinner walls than arteries
larger lumen than arteries
prevent backflow and have many one way pocket valves
capillaries
mesh wrapped around muscles and organs
very narrow
walls only one cell thick
gas diffusion through walls
oxygen diffuse into muscles
carbon dioxide diffuse out
blood becomes deoxygenated at capillaries
key to physical activity
arteries
appearance
function
type of blood
speed
walls
diameter
round w small lumen
carry blood away from heart
oxygenated
fast, quick
thick muscular walls-small lumen
changes depending on vasodilation & vasoconstriction
veins
appearance
function
type of blood
speed
walls
diameter
round w large lumen
deoxygenated blood back to heart
deoxygenated
slow
thinner than arteries
large lumen, one way pocket valve prevent backflow
capillaries
appearance
function
type of blood
speed
walls
diameter
mesh like
allows gaseous exchange, diffusion
oxygenated and deoxygenated
blood cells travel one cell at a time- thin
one cell thick
1 cell thick
