ovarian pathology Flashcards
what is endometriosis
presence of functioning tissue outside the uterus
endometriosis occurs mostly where (4)
ovary, fallopian tube, broadlig and PCDS
endometriosis affects who
mostly women in reproductive years
5 symptoms of endometriosis
dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, infertility, urinary symtpoms, dyschezia
edometrioma aka
chocolate cyst
most common mainfestation of endometiotic tissue
endometrioma
what is endometrioma caused by
bleeding of ectopic endo tissue in ovary
endometrioma symptoms
usually asymptomatic but can have discomfort with mense
endometrioma sono appearance
cystic mass containing diffuse low level internal echoes and may have fluid level
main Diff D for chocolate cyst
hemorrhagic cyst
are endometrioma followed up?
yup
endometrioma can change into
low grade invasive cancer
endometriosis usually accompanied by
adhesions
2 signs of endometriosis
obliterated PCDS and sliding sign
most severe type of endometriosis
deep infiltrating endometriosis
deep infiltrating endometriosis seen where
anterior or posterior sac
3 subtle signs of endometriosis
frozen pelvis, no free fluid in PCDS, retroflexed uterus
endometioma sono sign
kissing ovaries
treatment of endometrioma (2)
BCP and removal
Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOS) aka
stein-leventhal syndrome
what is Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOS)
hormonal disorder of ovarian dysfunctino
S/S of Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOS)
irregular periods
sono appearance Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOS)
bilateral enlarged ovaries with muliptle small follicles (string of pearls appearance)
in order to diagnose Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOS) we must test
hormone levels
ovarian/ adnexal torsion treatment
surgical intervention
ovarian torsion causes
imparment of venous drainage leading to congestion and edema of ovarian parenchyma (enlargement)
ovarian torsion non specific symptoms (5)
pain, vomiting, nausea, fever and palpable mass
ovarian torsion symptoms same as
apendicitis
ovarian torsion affect was age group
young females
50-80% of ovarian torsion have
pre existing cyst or mass
ovarian torsion appearance
unilateral enlarged ovary
what side does torsion occur more
more on right, on left sigmoid stops movement
what sign do we see for ovarian torsion
whirlpool sign
Diff D of ovarian torsion
appendicitis
PID
ruptured cyst
ectopic
5th leading cause of death of women
ovarian cancer
main risk factor for ovarian cancer + others
fam history + no kids and increase in age
