ABNORMALITIES CONTINUES Flashcards
PID commonly caused by
Gonorrhea and chlamydia
PID 3 causes
STI, direct extension and hematogenous spread
Symptoms of PID (5)
pain, fever, chills, vaginal discharge and increase WBC
What increases risk of PID
IUD
route PID spreads
vagina- cervix - uterus (endometritis)- tubes (salpingitis) and then into pelvis (affects both ovaries and peritoneum
long term problems f PID
infertility, chronic pelvic pain and increase risk of ectopic
3 sonographic findings of PID
endometritis, purulent material in PCDS, periovarian inflammation
3 signs of hydrosalphinx
cogwheel, beads on a string, waist sign
cogwheels sign appears as
cross section of anechoic tube with echoic nodules around wall
for acute disease
beads on a string
Hyperechoic mural nodules within fluid filled tubes
for chronic disease
waist sign
hyperechoic septa, good for differentiating hydrosalphinx
tubo ovarian complex (PID) appearance
increase echogenic fat
ovary wont seperate from tube
ill defined mass around the uterus
tubo ovarian abcess appeance
complec, irregular, scattered internal echoes, gas and debris, posterior enhancement
Treatment of PID
mild to moderate - antibiotics
abcess-> hospitalization with iv - may need to aspirate fluid
malignant mass features
Irregular multilocular solid tumor Large masses >10cm higher chance of malignancy
Papillary projections
Presence of Ascites
Strong blood flow
benign mass features
Benign Features Unilocular Small solid component Presence of acoustic shadows Smooth tumor <10 cm No blood flow
hematoma appearance over time
anechoic - highly echogenic- more complex- eventually anechoic again
3 post operation masses
(all cystic)
lymphocele
uriomas (collection of urine)
seromas (collection of serum)
What causes a GI pseudo mass
fecal material in bowel
bowel neoplasms can simulate what and give what sign
adnexal mass and show a target sign
urinary tract mass that can be palpated on pelvic exam
pelvic kidney
what can be mistaken for a cyst in the pelvis (3)
bladder, bladder diverticululm, dialated distal ureter
difference between tubo ovarian complex and abcess
abscess you cant see the ovary from the gas
