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VMS 2006 > Ovarian Disease > Flashcards

Ovarian Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two main functions of the ovary?

A
  • Develop and release ova/ovum
  • Produce hormones that influence behaviour
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2
Q

How is ovarian function controlled?

A

Release of GnRH causes FSH and LH release

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3
Q

What is the oestrus cycle?

A
  • Rhythmic cycle
    *Occurs in Sexually mature, non pregnant female mammals
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4
Q

What are the four stages of the oestrus cycle?

A
  • Pro-oestrus
  • Oestrus
  • Metoestrus
  • Anoestrus
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5
Q

What helps keep the ovaries in place?

A
  • Ovarian/ Suspensory ligament
  • Mesovarium
  • Small openings that allow the ova to leave the ovary
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6
Q

What is the blood supply to the ovary?

A
  • Within mesovarium, mesoalpinx, mesometrium
  • Ovarian artery
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7
Q

What is the limited period of sexual receptivity called?

A

oestrus

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8
Q

What occurs during pregnancy in ceteceans?

A

After evry pregnancy a new scar is formed

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9
Q

What is the criterion of diagnosis of cystic follicular disease in cows?

A

Follicles must be larger than 2.5cm

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10
Q

What are the three clinical signs of cystic follicular disease?

A
  1. Hyperestrogenism
  2. nymphomania
  3. anoestrus
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11
Q

What causes cystic follicular disease?

A
  • Failure of the mature follicles to ovulate
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12
Q

What are some of the predisposing factors for cystic follicular disease?

A
  • Genetics
  • Intrauterine Infections
  • Parturient/ post-parturient disease
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13
Q

What is the gross appearance of a lutenised cyst?

A
  • Thick walls + Filled with fluid
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14
Q

What is an ovarian haemorrhage?

A
  • Manual enucleation of the corpora lutea
  • Haemorrhage will be larger in pregnant cows/ potential pyometra

blood loss may vary

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15
Q

What are the two types of oophoritis?

inflammation of the ovary

A
  • Ovarian abscess (accumulation in connective tissue)
  • Ovarian granulomas
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16
Q

What two bacteria can cause oophoritis?

A
  • Tuberculosis = granulomatous oophoritis
  • Bovine Viral Diarrhoea = chronic oophoritis
17
Q

What does brucella look like histologically?

A
  • Gram Negative Bacilli
  • Intracellular
18
Q

Where do chronic Brucella Infections occur?

A

In the genitalia and placenta

19
Q

How is Brucella usually transmissed

A
  • Aborted fetus or placenta
  • contaminated uterine discharge
20
Q

In what cells does brucella usually grow and contaminate?

A

They grow and multiply in phagocytes

21
Q

What is an intrafollicular haemorrhage?

A

Haemorrhage occurs during ovulation

22
Q

What are post-parturient vascular lesions?

A

Intimal proliferation of mucoid tissue in the walls of arteries and arterioles

23
Q

What is hydrosalpinx?

A

watery mucus within the lumen

24
Q

What is salpingitis?

A

inflammation of the uterine tube

25
Q

What is pyosalpinx?

A

purulent accumulation in the lumen

26
Q

How does hyperestrogenism occur with cystic follicular disease?

A

Egg has not been removed
Follicle remains large with egg inside
Estrogen production

27
Q

How is Brucella usually transmitted?

A
  • Via aborted fetus or placenta
  • Contaminated uterine discharge
  • usual route is alimentary or urination
28
Q

What may happen when chickens have poor water access?

A

Follicle torsion, they do not go into the oviduct
they enter the coelomic cavity instead

29
Q

What is an age related follicular disease?

A

Infarcts due to blood not flowing correctly

Ovarian varicosities

30
Q

What usually causes Hydrosalpinx in cattle?

A

Traumatic organ manipulation

31
Q

What two bacteria cause salpingitis?

A
  • Mycoplasma
  • Ureaplasma
32
Q

What does pyosalpinx continue from?

A

Continues from metrits

33
Q

What three bacteria cause Pyosalpinx?

A
  • Staph
  • E.Coli
  • Truperella

VMS 2006 (23 decks)

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