Ovarian Disease Flashcards
What are the two main functions of the ovary?
- Develop and release ova/ovum
- Produce hormones that influence behaviour
How is ovarian function controlled?
Release of GnRH causes FSH and LH release
What is the oestrus cycle?
- Rhythmic cycle
*Occurs in Sexually mature, non pregnant female mammals
What are the four stages of the oestrus cycle?
- Pro-oestrus
- Oestrus
- Metoestrus
- Anoestrus
What helps keep the ovaries in place?
- Ovarian/ Suspensory ligament
- Mesovarium
- Small openings that allow the ova to leave the ovary
What is the blood supply to the ovary?
- Within mesovarium, mesoalpinx, mesometrium
- Ovarian artery
What is the limited period of sexual receptivity called?
oestrus
What occurs during pregnancy in ceteceans?
After evry pregnancy a new scar is formed
What is the criterion of diagnosis of cystic follicular disease in cows?
Follicles must be larger than 2.5cm
What are the three clinical signs of cystic follicular disease?
- Hyperestrogenism
- nymphomania
- anoestrus
What causes cystic follicular disease?
- Failure of the mature follicles to ovulate
What are some of the predisposing factors for cystic follicular disease?
- Genetics
- Intrauterine Infections
- Parturient/ post-parturient disease
What is the gross appearance of a lutenised cyst?
- Thick walls + Filled with fluid
What is an ovarian haemorrhage?
- Manual enucleation of the corpora lutea
- Haemorrhage will be larger in pregnant cows/ potential pyometra
blood loss may vary
What are the two types of oophoritis?
inflammation of the ovary
- Ovarian abscess (accumulation in connective tissue)
- Ovarian granulomas
What two bacteria can cause oophoritis?
- Tuberculosis = granulomatous oophoritis
- Bovine Viral Diarrhoea = chronic oophoritis
What does brucella look like histologically?
- Gram Negative Bacilli
- Intracellular
Where do chronic Brucella Infections occur?
In the genitalia and placenta
How is Brucella usually transmissed
- Aborted fetus or placenta
- contaminated uterine discharge
In what cells does brucella usually grow and contaminate?
They grow and multiply in phagocytes
What is an intrafollicular haemorrhage?
Haemorrhage occurs during ovulation
What are post-parturient vascular lesions?
Intimal proliferation of mucoid tissue in the walls of arteries and arterioles
What is hydrosalpinx?
watery mucus within the lumen
What is salpingitis?
inflammation of the uterine tube
