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Z. PATH 2 > Outcome 17 Trauma > Flashcards

Outcome 17 Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

3 causes of trauma

A
  1. accidental
  2. self-inflicted
  3. violence
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2
Q

4 major types of trauma

A
  1. open
  2. assault
  3. thermal
  4. psychological
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3
Q

type of child abuse most commonly observed

A

physical abuse due to injuries

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4
Q

2 types of issues considered neglect

A
  1. not providing food or shelter

2. leaving young children unattended

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5
Q

potential causes of child abuse/neglect

A
  1. emotional maturity of the abuser
  2. stress due to economic, social, or employment difficulties
  3. poor parenting skills
  4. history of abuse in the perpetrator
  5. unrealistic expectation of the child
  6. limitations of a physically or mentally challenged child
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6
Q

3 symptoms in combination that indicate a shaken infant syndrome (SIS) diagnosis

A
  1. subdural hematoma
  2. cerebral edema
  3. retinal hemorrhage
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7
Q

caused by repeated rapid shaking of an infant due to caregiver irritation

A

shaken infant syndrome (SIS)

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8
Q

shaken infant syndrome (SIS) can also be due to ____ and catching them

A

tossing a baby into the air

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9
Q

shaken infant syndrome (SIS) can also occur due to jostling a baby in a ____ as the caregiver jogs or runs

A

back pack

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10
Q

7 types of actions considered as elder abuse

A
  1. physical abuse
  2. self-neglect
  3. verbal abuse
  4. psychological abuse
  5. abandonment
  6. violation of personal rights
  7. financial abuse
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11
Q

two forms of psychological or verbal use

A
  1. active

2. passive

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12
Q

psychological or verbal use is hard to diagnose because there is no ____ evidence

A

physical

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13
Q

4 contributing factors of intimate partner violence (IPV)

A
  1. stress
  2. alcohol
  3. cultural and societal values that make wives “property”
  4. expectation of submission
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14
Q

5 causes of sexual abuse

A
  1. domination
  2. control
  3. power issues
  4. history of sexual abuse in the perpetrator
  5. sociopathic approach to society and its norms
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15
Q

t or f: rape/sexual assault are crimes of violence and domination, not a sexual act

A

t

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16
Q

rape/sexual assault includes these

A
  1. date rape
  2. acquaintance rape
  3. spousal rape
  4. violent act by an unknown assailant
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17
Q

cause of an abrasion

A

friction

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18
Q

3 types of avulsion

A
  1. partial
  2. degloving injury
  3. amputation
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19
Q

avulsion where avulsed tissue is still partially attached

A

partial avulsion

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20
Q

avulsion where the full thickness of skin is peeled away from the body such as the hand or foot

A

degloving injury

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21
Q

avulsion where a limb or appendage is completely severed

A

amputation

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22
Q

usual cause of an avulsion

A

entanglement in machinery, clothing, or some other means of entrapment

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23
Q

body parts most often involved in crush injuries

A
  1. fingers
  2. hand
  3. toe
  4. foot
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24
Q

it is important that underlying structures and tissues are inspected thoroughly with a puncture wound because ____ is often ____

A

bleeding; minimal

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25
Q

silent STD that often has no symptoms and unknowingly sexually transmitted

A

chlamydia

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26
Q

in chlamydia, high percentage of ___ have no symptoms before dangerous complications start

A

women

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27
Q

infection of the genitourinary tract

A

gonorrhea

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28
Q

symptoms of gonorrhea in males

A

purulent discharge

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29
Q

symptoms of gonorrhea in females

A

purulent discharge

dysuria

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30
Q

protozoal infection of lower genitourinary tract

A

trichomoniasis

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31
Q

trichomoniasis affects the ___ in women and ___ in men

A

vagina; urethra

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32
Q

incurable, recurrent infection of skin of genital area, with ulcerations spread by direct skin to skin contact causing painful genital sores

A

genital herpes

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33
Q

genital infection that causes raised cauliflower-like growths in or near the vagina, rectum or along the penis

A

condylomata acuminata/genital warts

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34
Q

chronic, systemic STD; presence of painless but highly contagious local lesions called chancre on the genitalia

A

syphilis

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35
Q

soft chancre

A

chancroid

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36
Q

bacterial infection of genitalia causing necrotizing ulceration and lymphadenopathy

A

chancroid

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37
Q

physical, psychological, sexual injury to a child

A

child abuse

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38
Q

considered a form of child abuse

A

neglect

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39
Q

signs of psychological abuse is evident in ___ of the child

A

actions

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40
Q

sexual abuse is discovered ___ when complaints by child of discomfort in genital region

A

collaterally

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41
Q

injuries incurred by infant who has been shaken forcibly enough to cause intracerebral bleeding with resulting closed head injury

A

shaken infant syndrome (SIS)

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42
Q

another term for shaken infant syndrome (SIS)

A

shaken baby syndrome (SBS)

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43
Q

intentional and systematic diminishment of another’s self worth or self esteem

A

psychological or verbal abuse

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44
Q

most frequent victims of psychological or verbal abuse

A

children

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45
Q

threatened or actual phsyical abuse; pattern of behavior where victim is repeatedly physically assaulted by partner

A

intimate partner violence (IPV)

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46
Q

3 other terms for intimate partner violence

A
  1. domestic abuse
  2. spousal abuse
  3. battered spouse syndrome
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47
Q

any form of nonconsensual sexual contact or activity

A

sexual abuse

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48
Q

intercourse forced on victim against his or her will

A

rape/sexual assault

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49
Q

outer layer of skin scraped away exposing deeper layer of skin

A

abrasions

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50
Q

4 other terms for abrasions

A
  1. friction burns
  2. floor burns
  3. rug burns
  4. road rash
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51
Q

portion of skin and possibly underlying tissue torn away either partially or completely

A

avulsion

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52
Q

occurs when part of body is compressed with extreme force between two surfaces

A

crushing injuries

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53
Q

4 most common body parts affected by crushing injuries

A
  1. fingers
  2. hands
  3. toes
  4. feet
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54
Q

result of pointed or sharp foreign body penetrating soft tissue

A

puncture wounds

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55
Q

t or f. puncture wounds usually cause pain and very little bleeding

A

t

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56
Q

foreign body which caused injury that is protruding out of the wound

A

puncture wounds

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57
Q

sharp object cuts skin and possibly underlying soft tissue

A

laceration

58
Q

laceration vs incision

A

laceration: jagged edges
incision: smooth edges

59
Q

anything entering a portion of body where it does not belong is considered ___

A

foreign body

60
Q

4 common bodies in ear

A
  1. bugs
  2. putting things in ear
  3. vegetative foreign bodies
  4. cotton from cotton swabs
61
Q

3 treatments for foreign bodies in ear

A
  1. forceps removal
  2. gentle sunctioning
  3. washing or syringing ear
62
Q

live bugs in ear may crawl out because of __

A

light

63
Q

objects in eye that would normally not be found in the eye

A

foreign bodies in eye

64
Q

treatment for foreign body in eye: gentle ___ with normal ___ to flush

A

irrigation; saline

65
Q

another treatment for foreign body in eye is ___ used when foreign body is embedded in eye

A

eye spud

66
Q

any object or foreign material causing obstruction in nares

A

foreign bodies in nose

67
Q

children have tendency to insert foreign bodies in ___

A

nose

68
Q

result of thermal insults to to tissue

A

burns

69
Q

thermal insults can be caused by either ___ or ___ such as burns or frostbite

A

hot; cold

70
Q

burns are caused by exposure of skin to these 8 factors

A
  1. flame
  2. dry heat
  3. liquid scalds
  4. burns
  5. radiation
  6. chemicals
  7. sun
  8. electricity
71
Q

assessment tool used to quickly calculate the percent of skin surface area burned

A

rule of nines

72
Q

3 treatment options for burns

A
  1. surgically
  2. debridement
  3. skin grafts
73
Q

injury resulting from exposure to or contact with electricity

A

electrical shock

74
Q

major concern with electrical shock

A

development of cardiac dysrhythmias

75
Q

in electrical shock, the current follows this path through body

A

path of least resistance

76
Q

current usually follows along ___ routes

A

nerve

77
Q

injury occurring when individual is struck directly or indirectly (splash effect) by lightning

A

lightning injuries

78
Q

lightning can strike in these 5 different ways

A
  1. direct strike
  2. contact strike
  3. side flash
  4. stride potential
  5. ground current
79
Q

lightning strike directly by lightning discharge

A

direct strike

80
Q

lightning strikes object contacted, causing transfer of energy

A

contact strike

81
Q

lightning strikes object, travels a certain distance and “jumps” through the air and strikes person

A

side flash

82
Q

lightning strike current enters one leg and exits out the other

A

stride potential

83
Q

lightening hits ground and travels to person by way of ground

A

ground current

84
Q

when body temperature is much higher than normal body temp of 98.6 Fahrenheit

A

extreme heat

85
Q

extreme heat includes these 2 conditions

A
  1. heat exhaustion

2. heat stroke

86
Q

another term for extreme heat

A

hyperthermia

87
Q

body’s heat regulating system is unable to cope with severe heat; more serious hyperthermia condition

A

heat stroke

88
Q

in heat stroke, the individual stops ____

A

sweating

89
Q

body temp in heat stroke

A

105 F or 40.5 C

90
Q

results from salt or water depletion; less serious hyperthermia condition but can progress if untreated

A

heat exhaustion

91
Q

generalized cooling of the body where core temp drops below 95F or 35C

A

extreme cold

92
Q

another term for extreme cold

A

hypothermia

93
Q

3 causes for hypothermia

A
  1. other cause
  2. cold water
  3. cold winds and environment
94
Q

frozen or extremely cold tissue, usually on face, ears fingers and toes

A

frostbite

95
Q

frostbite causes affected skin to become ___

A

white or ashen

96
Q

person affected does not realize frostbite is happening due to ___ as tissue freezes

A

nerve loss

97
Q

never be done to treat frost bite

A

rubbing skin area

98
Q

patients with frostbite should never be given ___

A

alcohol

99
Q

bite or sting from any insect or arthropod, which may involve injection of venom

A

insect bites

100
Q

3 types of insect bites that require immediate medical attention

A
  1. scorpions
  2. black widows
  3. brown recluse spider
101
Q

to treat insect bites, remove stinger by scraping across site of sting with ____ or ____

A

plastic card; fingernail

102
Q

use of forceps/tweezers to remove sting in insect bites may squeeze more ___ into site

A

venom

103
Q

severe systemic infection that does not transmit from person to person

A

rocky mountain spotted fever/tick bite

104
Q

rocky mountain spotted fever/tick bite is more commonly called ___ in the US

A

rickettsial disease

105
Q

symptom of rocky mountain spotted fever/tick bite

A

small hemorrhage appear under skin

106
Q

rash occuring in rocky mountain spotted fever/tick bite

A

maculopapular rash

107
Q

rocky mountain spotted fever/tick bite causative organism in bloodstream

A

Rickettsia Rickettsii

108
Q

Rickettsia Rickettsii gets into blood stream due to ____

A

prolonged wood tick bite

109
Q

malaria is a severe generalized infection caused by bite of ____ infected with ____

A

Anopheles mosquito; Plasmodium protozoa

110
Q

3 elements in the cycle of symptoms in malaria

A
  1. chills
  2. fever
  3. sweats
111
Q

symptoms of malaria last __ weeks

A

1-4

112
Q

antimalarial drug given orally

A

chloroquine

113
Q

source may be human, pet, wild animal

A

animal bites/human bites

114
Q

treat animal/human bites by ____ to remove bacteria and contaminations

A

cleanse wound

115
Q

animal/human bites may be treated by ___ surgery in some cases

A

plastic surgery

116
Q

animal bites are treated with ___ if not possible to determine whether animal is rabid

A

rabies injections

117
Q

penetrating tissue wound made by fangs or teeth of a snake

A

snakebites

118
Q

4 poisonous rattlesnakes

A
  1. rattlesnakes
  2. copperheads
  3. water moccasins
  4. coral snakes
119
Q

drug to treat snakebites

A

antivenin

120
Q

when bitten by snake, ___ should not be applied

A

cold

121
Q

when bitten by snake, would should not be ___

A

cut

122
Q

when bitten by snake, ____ or ___ should not be applied

A

tourniquets; electrical shock

123
Q

entrapment and compression of median nerve in the carpal tunnel causing pain and numbness in wrist, hands and fingers

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

124
Q

2 diagnostic tests for carpal tunnel syndrome

A
  1. median nerve percussion

2. phalen wrist flexor

125
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome test where examiner taps his/her finger along the inside of affected wrist

A

median nerve percussion test

126
Q

sign revealed in a median nerve percussion test

A

Tinel sign

127
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome test where patient presses backs of hands together to bend wrist as far down as possible without applying force

A

phalen wrist flexor test

128
Q

inflammatory condition of tissue at the distal portion of humerus

A

tennis elbow

129
Q

medical term for tennis elbow

A

lateral humeral epicondylitis

130
Q

5 treatment options for tennis elbow

A
  1. stop repetitive tasks
  2. rest
  3. wearing brace
  4. ice packs
  5. steroid injections
131
Q

drug family used to treat tennis elbow

A

NSAIDs

132
Q

index finger has lump or know appearing on flexor tendon

A

trigger finger

133
Q

medical term for trigger finger

A

stenosing tenosynovitis

134
Q

compression of brachial plexus nerves

A

thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS)

135
Q

another term for thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS)

A

brachial plexus injury

136
Q

thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is caused by repetitive tasks causing ____ of arms

A

continual hyperabduction

137
Q

thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is also caused by continuous dropping of these 4 body parts

A
  1. cervical rib
  2. fibrous band
  3. shoulder girdle
  4. fibrous band that develops around the nerve plexus
138
Q

inflammation of tendon usually caused by insult or injury to tendon

A

tendinitis/tendonitis

139
Q

tendinitis/tendonitis is often associated with these 2 conditions

A
  1. calcium deposits and/or

2. bursa around tendon

140
Q

in frozen shoulder, adhesions are released ____

A

surgically

141
Q

3 causes of trauma

A
  1. accidental
  2. self-inflicted
  3. violence
142
Q

4 major types of trauma

A
  1. open
  2. assault
  3. thermal
  4. psychological

Z. PATH 2 (17 decks)

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