Other Urinary Disorders

Question 1

How is mixed incontinence diagnosed and managed?

Answer 1

1. Diagnosed at cytometry

2. Most bothersome symptom treated first

Question 2

What is acute urinary retention?

Answer 2

Unable to pass urine for 12 hours or more

Question 3

What are the causes of acute urinary retention?

Answer 3

Childbirth, herpes, surgery, anticholinergics, pelvic masses, neurological (e.g. MS).

Question 4

What is chronic retention and urinary overflow?

Answer 4

Leaking due to bladder overdistension eventually causes overflow.

Question 5

What are the causes of chronic retention and urinary overflow?

Answer 5

1. Urethral obstruction - pelvic masses, incontinence surgery
2. Detrusor inactivity - autonomic neuropathies

Question 6

What is the difference between acute and chronic retention (except timeframe)?

Answer 6

Acute is painful, chronic is not.

Question 7

How is chronic distension and urinary outflow diagnosed and treated?

Answer 7

1. USS

2. Intermittent self-catheterisation commonly required

Question 8

What is this a presentation of?

Suprapubic pain related to bladder filling with frequency, in the absence of a UTI or other obvious pathology.

Answer 8

Painful bladder syndrome and interstitial cystitis

Question 9

How is painful bladder syndrome and interstitial cystitis treated?

Answer 9

1. Diet changes
2. Stress management
3. Bladder training
4. Tricyclic antidepressants