Endometrial Cancer

Question 1

What is the most common gynaecological malignancy and who are the affected group?

Answer 1

1. Endometrial cancer

2. Most occur in women aged over 50 years

Question 2

What is the progression from endometrial hyperplasia?

Answer 2

Atypical hyperplasia (precancer) to endometrial adenocarcinoma (cancer)
Progression is not inevitable

Question 3

What is the most important risk factor for endometrial cancer?

Answer 3

Unopposed oestrogen

Question 4

Which syndrome confers an increased risk of developing colorectal and endometrial cancer?

Answer 4

Lynch syndrome

Question 5

What is this a presentation of?

Postmenopausal bleeding in postmenopausal women or intermenstrual bleeding in premenopausal women.

Answer 5

Endometrial carcinoma

Question 6

How is suspected endometrial cancer investigated?

Answer 6

1. TV USS
2. Gold standard - hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy
3. Grade tumour from 1-3 from biopsy
4. MRI staging - FIGO system

Question 7

What is the treatment for endometrial cancer?

Answer 7

1. Low stage - total laparoscopic hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophrectomy
2. High stage/deep invasion/high risk of lymphatic spread - surgery and adjuvant external beam radiotherapy