Other Organic Compounds Flashcards by Harrison Romero

functional group of alkyl halides

halogens

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functional group of alcohols

hydroxyl group

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functional group of ethers

ether group

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functional group of aldehydes

carbonyl group

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functional group of ketones

carbonyl group

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functional group of carboxylic acids

carboxyl group

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functional group of esters

ester group

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functional group of amines

amino group

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general formula of alkyl halides

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general formula of alcohols

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general formula of ethers

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general formula of aldehydes

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general formula of ketones

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general formula of carboxylic acids

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general formula of esters

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general formula of primary amines

general formula of secondary amines

general formula of tertiary amines

alkyl halide nomenclature

includes number

begins with prefix for attached halogen

ends with name of longest hydrocarbon chain

prefix of bromine in alkyl halides

“bromo-“

prefix of chlorine in alkyl halides

“chloro-“

prefix of fluorine in alkyl halides

“fluoro-“

prefix of iodine in alkyl halides

“iodo-“

alcohol nomenclature

contains name for longest hydrocarbon chain

“e” is removed at end (except for “-diol,” “-triol,” or “-tetraol”)

ends with “-ol”

ether nomenclature

begins with prefix for number of carbons in smaller hydrocarbon chain (without "-yl") contains "oxy" in between ends with name for longest hydrocarbon chain

aldehyde nomenclature

begins with name of longest hydrocarbon chain (including carbonyl group) "e" is removed at end ends with "-al"

ketone nomenclature

includes number contains name of longest hydrocarbon chain (including carbonyl group) "e" is removed at end ends with "-one"

carboxylic acid nomenclature

begins with name of longest hydrocarbon chain (including carboxyl group) "e" is removed from end (except for "-dioic acid" or "-trioic acid") ends with "-oic acid"

ester nomenclature

includes number begins with prefix for attached alcohol contains name of alkyl group ends with "-oate"

amine nomenclature

contains name of each alkyl group ends with "-amine"