Carbon and Hydrocarbons

Question 1

functional group

Answer 1

atom or group of atoms that is responsible for specific properties of organic compound

Question 2

hybridization

Answer 2

combination of 2 orbitals at same energy level of same atom

creates new orbital shape

Question 3

catenation

Answer 3

bonding of atoms of same element into chain or ring

Question 4

isomers

Answer 4

compounds with same chemical formula but different chemical names and structural formulas

distinguished by different boiling points

Question 5

structural isomers

Answer 5

compounds wherein position of only 1 atom or bond is moved in structure of compound

Question 6

stereoisomers

Answer 6

compounds which differ in spatial arrangement of atoms

Question 7

cis isomers

Answer 7

stereoisomers with matching atoms or groups attached to different carbon atoms on different side of double bond

matching atoms or groups are on same side of carbon chain

Question 8

trans isomers

Answer 8

stereoisomers with matching atoms or groups attached to different carbon atoms on different side of double bond

matching atoms or groups are on opposing sides of carbon chain

Question 9

optical isomers

Answer 9

stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superposable

Question 10

chiral carbon

Answer 10

carbon with all single bonds and 4 different attached atoms

found in optical isomers

Question 11

aromatic hydrocarbon

Answer 11

compound with only carbon and hydrogen

shaped in benzene ring

Question 12

alkane

Answer 12

hydrocarbon compound with all single bonds

saturated

Question 13

alkene

Answer 13

hydrocarbon compound with all single bonds except 1 double bond between carbons

unsaturated

Question 14

alkyne

Answer 14

hydrocarbon compound with all single bonds except for 1 triple bond between carbons

unsaturated

Question 15

general formula of alkanes

Answer 15

C_nH_2n+2

Question 16

general formula of alkenes

Answer 16

C_nH_2n

Question 17

general formula of alkynes

Answer 17

C_nH_2n-2

Question 18

allotropes of carbon

Answer 18

diamond

graphite

fullerine

Question 19

alkyl group

Answer 19

group of atoms formed when 1 hydrogen atom is removed from alkane molecule

Question 20

saturated hydrocarbon

Answer 20

hydrocarbon in which each carbon atom in molecule forms 4 single covalent bonds with other atoms

Question 21

unsaturated hydrocarbons

Answer 21

hydrocarbons in which not all carbon atoms have 4 single covalent bonds

Question 22

aromatic hydrocarbon

Answer 22

hydrocarbon with 6-membered carbon ring and delocalized electrons

Question 23

benzene

Answer 23

primary aromatic hydrocarbon