Matter and Change

Question 1

basic research

Answer 1

research carried out for the sake of increasing knowledge

Question 2

applied research

Answer 2

research that is carried out to solve a problem

Question 3

technology

Answer 3

practical application of basic research which involves the production and use of products which improve the quality of human life

Question 4

physical property

Answer 4

characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance

Question 5

physical change

Answer 5

change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance

Question 6

intensive property

Answer 6

property which does not depend on the amount of matter present

Question 7

extensive property

Answer 7

property which depends on the amount of matter that is present

Question 8

chemical property

Answer 8

property which describes the ability of a substance to undergo a chemical reaction

can only be observed by changing the identity of the substance

Question 9

chemical change

Answer 9

change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances

Question 10

solid

Answer 10

matter that has definite volume and definite shape

Question 11

liquid

Answer 11

matter that has definite volume but indefinite shape

Question 12

gas

Answer 12

matter that has indefinite volume and indefinite shape

Question 13

plasma

Answer 13

a high-temperature physical state of matter in which atoms lose most of their electrons

Question 14

6 branches of chemistry

Answer 14

organic chemistry

inorganic chemistry

physical chemistry

analytical chemistry

biochemistry

theoretical chemistry

Question 15

organic chemistry

Answer 15

the study of most carbon-containing compounds

Question 16

inorganic chemistry

Answer 16

the study of non-organic substances (many of which have organic fragments bonded to metals)

Question 17

physical chemistry

Answer 17

the study of the properties and changes of matter and their relation to energy

Question 18

analytical chemistry

Answer 18

the identification of the components and composition of materials

Question 19

biochemistry

Answer 19

the study of substances and processes occurring in living things

Question 20

theoretical chemistry

Answer 20

use of mathematics and computers to understand the principles behind observed chemical behavior and to design and predict the properties of new compounds

Question 21

chance discovery

Answer 21

unintentional discovery

Question 22

metal

Answer 22

element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity

Question 23

nonmetal

Answer 23

element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity

Question 24

metalloid

Answer 24

element that has some characteristics of metals and some characteristics of nonmetals

semiconductor of heat and electricity

Question 25

malleability

Answer 25

ability to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets without cracking

Question 26

ductility

Answer 26

ability to be drawn out into a thin wire

Question 27

tensile strength

Answer 27

resistance of a material to breaking under pressure

Question 28

pure substance

Answer 28

substance with a fixed composition

has the same properties and composition in every sample

Question 29

mixture

Answer 29

blend of two or more kinds of matter which retain their own identities and properties

Question 30

homogeneous mixture

solution

Answer 30

mixture of 2 or more substances in a single phase

has same composition and properties throughout

Question 31

heterogeneous mixture

Answer 31

mixture that is not uniform throughout