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×Chemistry 1 > Chemical Formulas and Chemical Compounds > Flashcards

Chemical Formulas and Chemical Compounds Flashcards

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1
Q

monatomic ion

A

ion formed from a single atom

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2
Q

formation of monatomic ions

A

gaining or losing electrons

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3
Q

binary compound

A

compound composed of 2 elements

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4
Q

nomenclature

A

naming system

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5
Q

nomenclature of binary ionic compounds

A

involves combining the names of the compound’s positive and negative ions

name of cation placed before name of anion

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6
Q

stock system

A

system of using a Roman numeral after name of d-block cations to indicate the oxidation number

used with elements which form 2 or more cations with different charges

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7
Q

oxyanion

A

polyatomic ion that contains oxygen

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8
Q

nomenclature of oxyanions

A

most common ion’s suffix becomes “-ate”

ion with 1 less oxygen than most common ion’s suffix becomes “-ite”

ion with 2 less oxygen than most common ion’s prefix becomes “hypo-“

ion with 1 more oxygen than most common ion’s suffix becomes “per-“

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9
Q

prefix for 1

A

mono-

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10
Q

prefix for 2

A

di-

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11
Q

prefix for 3

A

tri-

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12
Q

prefix for 4

A

tetra-

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13
Q

prefix for 5

A

penta-

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14
Q

prefix for 6

A

hexa-

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15
Q

prefix for 7

A

hepta-

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16
Q

prefix for 8

A

octa-

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17
Q

prefix for 9

A

nona-

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18
Q

prefix for 10

A

deca-

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19
Q

acid

A

distinct type of molecular compound

usually refers to a solution in water of a compound rather than the compound itself

20
Q

classifications of acids

A

binary acids

oxyacids

21
Q

binary acid

A

acid that consist of 2 elements (usually hydrogen and a halogen)

22
Q

oxyacid

A

acid that contains hydrogen, oxygen, and a third element (usually a nonmetal)

23
Q

salt

A

ionic compound composed of a cation and anion from an acid

24
Q

oxidation number

oxidation state

A

positive or negative whole number assigned to an element in a molecule or ion

assigned to atoms composing a compound or ion in order to indicate the general distribution of electrons among bonded atoms

25
Q

percentage composition

A

percentage by mass of each element in a compound

26
Q

percentage composition formula

A
27
Q

empirical formula

A

chemical formula consisting of the symbols for the elements combined in a compound with subscripts showing the smallest whole-number ratio of the different atoms in the compound

28
Q

steps to find empirical formula

A

find percentage composition

convert percentage composition to mass

convert mass to moles

use mole values as subscripts

factor subscripts to whole numbers

29
Q

molecular formula formula

A

chemical formula of a molecular compound that shows the kinds and numbers of atoms present in a molecule of a compound

30
Q

hydrate

A

compound with a specific number of water molecules bound to its atoms

31
Q

anhydrous compound

A

compound without water (or from which water has been removed)

32
Q

oxidation number of aluminum

A

3+

33
Q

oxidation number of zinc

A

2+

34
Q

oxidation number of silver

A

1+

35
Q

oxidation number of magnesium

A

2+

36
Q

oxidation number of elements in group 1

A

1+

37
Q

oxidation number of elements in group 2

A

2+

38
Q

oxidation number of elements in group 13

A

3+

39
Q

oxidation number of elements in group 14

A

+4

40
Q

oxidation number of elements in group 15

A

3-

41
Q

oxidation number of elements in group 16

A

-2

42
Q

oxidation number of elements in group 17

A

-1

43
Q

formula of ammonia

A

NH3

44
Q

formula of sulfuric acid

A

H2SO4

45
Q

formula of nitric acid

A

HNO3

46
Q

formula of phosphoric acid

A

H3PO4

×Chemistry 1 (20 decks)

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