Origins of psychological testing

Question 1

Gall

Answer 1

Organized functions in the brain.
Founder of Phrenology

Question 2

Phrenology

Answer 2

Through bumps on the skull it could be determined what personality someone had. (Gall)

Question 3

Wundt

Answer 3

First psychological laboratory. Believed that the speed of thought varied in people, he tested this by doing sensorimotor tasks.
Used brass instruments.

Question 4

Galton

Answer 4

Made the first battery of mental tests.
Was interested in individual differences.
Used brass instruments.
Tried to infer complex from simple

Question 5

Cattell

Answer 5

The first to think that tests could be useful in diagnosing. Used brass instruments. Invented the term mental test.
Was also interested in individual differences.

Question 6

Binet, Simon

Answer 6

Made the first intelligence tests, to identify children with special needs. Also mentioned adjustments needed to test children. Children’s mental age could be determined.

Question 7

Spearman, Thurstone

Answer 7

Used factor analyses to determine which factors were primary for mental ability/intelligence.

Question 8

Rorschach

Answer 8

Made people interpret ink blots to determine personality.

Question 9

Physiognomy

Answer 9

The idea that you can judge someones personality from their appearance.

Question 10

The very first tests in history?

Answer 10

Done to measure fitness for working for the Chinese emperor.

Question 11

What were the test for intelligence of army recruits?

Answer 11

Army alpha, for high functioning recruits and the army beta, a non-verbal test for the lower functioning recruits.

Question 12

MMPI

Answer 12

Modern personality test

Question 13

Big 5

Answer 13

OCEAN
openness
conscientiousness
extraversion
agreeableness
neuroticism