Chapter 12 Flashcards
Reading and math
cultural tools
any tools that help us calculate, predict and understand the world a bit better.
difference in view Vygotsky and Piaget on knowledge
Vygotsky stressed transmission of knowledge from one person to another while Piaget emphasized children’s own construction of knowledge.
similarities in view Vygotsky and Piaget on knowledge
children do not acquire something new by just being it told.
orthographies
writing system, used to describe any aspect of print or spelling
morpheme
A unit of meaning.
syllabary
languages that rely heavily on syllables for meaning
mora
rhythmic unit in for example Japanese.
syllables
the smallest unit of a word that forms a rhythmic break when spoken. (lettergreep)
phonemes and children
Form a problem for children in understanding language. The more they learn about them the better they can read and write.
intrasyllabic units
units of speech that are smaller than syllables but larger than phonemes.
onset
The first one or two letters of a syllable. (st in stair)
rime
vowel sounds of the syllable plus any consonants that follow. (air in stair)
letter-sound associations
when one letter represents one sound or phoneme.
conditional spelling rules
rules that determine that a letter represents one sound in one context but another sound in another context
pseudo-words
non-existent but easily pronounceable words used in psychological experiments
