Origin & Diversification of Eukaryotes Flashcards
What are the key features of eukaryotes?
- have organelles and nuclei
- have a well-developed cytoskeleton
- complex multicellularity
- sexual life cycles
When did the first eukaryotes arise?
1.8 billion years ago
symbiotic relationship where one organism lives inside the body of another
endosymbiosis
a sequence of endosymbiotic events
serial endosymbiosis
What were mitochondria and chloroplasts before they began living in larger cells?
prokaryotes
What type of bacterium did mitochondria arose from?
aerobic, heterotrophic
What type of bacterium did chloroplasts arose from?
photosynthetic
organisms that obtain food by eating other organisms or their substances
heterotrophs
organisms that obtain food by converting inorganic molecules to organic molecules
autotrophs
What were the first forms of eukaryotes?
colonies
collections of connected cell with little or no cellular differentiation
colonies
Multicellular organisms with differentiated cells arose _____ ____.
multiple times
______ are the closest living relatives of animals.
choanoflagellates
What evidence helps prove that choanoflagellates are closely related to animals?
1.) morphology is similar to sponges
2.) not found in plants
3.) DNA sequences
What does multicellularity require?
cell signaling and adhesion
