Mitosis & Meiosis Flashcards
a mode of reproduction in which the offspring are clones produced from a single parent
asexual reproduction
a mode of reproduction in which two parents produce offspring that are all unique
sexual reproduction
pair of chromosomes with the same morphology
homologous chromosomes/homologs
alternative version of a gene
allele
joined identical copies of a chromosome
sister chromatids
where two chromatids are most closely attached
centromere
cell containing two sets of chromosomes (2n)
diploid
cell containing one set of chromosomes (n)
haploid
homologous chromosomes physically connect and exchange genetic information during Meiosis I
crossing over
What type of cells does mitosis occur in?
somatic
What type of cells does meiosis occur in?
reproductive
_____ has one division.
Mitosis
_____ has two divisions.
Meiosis
In _____, the chromosomes pack up.
Prophase
In _____, the chromosomes line up in the middle and spindle fibers attach to the chromatids.
Metaphase
In _____, the sister chromatids come apart.
Anaphase
In _____, the cell begins to divide into two cells.
Telophase/Cytokenesis
Mitosis begins with a diploid cell and ends with ___ _____ cells.
2 diploid
Meiosis begins with a diploid cell and ends with ___ _____ cells.
4 haploid
In Meiosis, the _____ _____ pair up in Prophase I.
homologous chromosomes
During what stage of Meiosis does crossing over occur?
Prophase I
What are the 3 ways that sexual reproduction reshuffles alleles between generations?
crossing over, independent assortment of chromosomes, and random fertilization
