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Immunology > Organs Of The Immune System > Flashcards

Organs Of The Immune System Flashcards

1
Q

Central lymphoid tissues

A
  • bone marrow
  • thymus
  • fetal liver
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2
Q

Peripheral lymphoid tissue

A
  • spleen
  • lymph nodes
  • MALT
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3
Q

Secondary lymphoid organs

A
  • maturation and activation of lymphocytes
  • drain antigen material from tissues and organs
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4
Q

Primary lymphoid tissue

A
  • development of lymphocyte
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5
Q

Internal lymphoid organs

A
  • thymus
  • bone marrow
  • spleen
  • lymph nodes
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6
Q

Surface lymphoid organs

A
  • salivary glands
  • respiratory tract
  • mammary glands
  • intestine
  • urogenital system
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7
Q

Sources of lymphocytes

A
  • yolk sac
  • bone marrow
  • fetal liver
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8
Q

Sites of lymphocyte dev. (Primary organs)

A
  • peyer’s patches
  • thymus
  • bursa
  • bone marrow
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9
Q

Sites where lymphocytes respond to antigens

A
  • peyer’s patches
  • bone marrow
  • tonsils
  • spleen
  • lymph nodes
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10
Q

Cell division takes place close to ___

A

Bone spicules & cytokine-rich ecm

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11
Q

Mature cells are located ____ & released into ____

A

Closer to sinus lining cells; venous sinus when mature

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12
Q

Thymus

A
  • first lymphoid organ to dev. In fetus
  • largest at puberty, then involution occurs
  • outer cortex: thymocytes (immature lymphoid cells)
  • inner medulla: mature t cells
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13
Q

Hassal’s corpuscles

A

Function unknown

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14
Q

Thymic epithelial cells

A
  • produce hormones that may have a role in t cell maturation
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15
Q

Hormones of thymus

A
  • trophic hormone
  • thymosin-a
  • thymopoeitin
  • thymulin
  • thymus humoral factor
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16
Q

Positive selection

A

T cells w/ receptors for intermediate affinities

17
Q

Negative selection

A

Auto-reactive t cells (recognize self antigens)

18
Q

Fewer than ___% thymocytes leave thymus

A

5

19
Q

Thymic involution

A
  • physiologic
  • age related
  • decrease of ce
20
Q

Thymic atrophy

A

Stressful/pathological conditions (increase in corticosteroids)

21
Q

Major functions of lymph nodes

A
  • trap antigens
  • provide organized area for antigen presentation
  • signals to maintain lymphocyte survival
  • initiation of adaptive response
  • lymphocytes cross into lymphatics by interacting with HEVs
22
Q

Lymph nodes in pigs

A

Cortex is inner

Medulla outer

23
Q

Follicles in lymph node

A
  • primary follicle
  • secondary follicle: germinal center
24
Q

Outer cortex of lymph node cell type

A

Aggregation of b cells

25
Q

Paracortex of lymph node

A

T cells

26
Q

Para cortex parts

A
  • medullary cord: b cells, plasma cells, macrophages

-medullary sinuses: lymph, macrophages, granulocytes, deliver lymph to efferent lymph vessels

27
Q

Microorganisms in spleen

A
  • phagocytosed by fixed macrophages and dendritic cells
  • encounter b-lymphocytes
  • presented to t-lymphocytes
28
Q

Spleen

A
  • no division of compartments (no cortex or medulla)
  • white pulp: b and t lymphocytes, macrophages, antigen presenting cells
  • red pulp: reticular fibers and cells, monocytes/macrophages, vascular spaces
29
Q

Chicken thymus

A
  • 6-7 lobes bilaterally
  • lobes by jugular v.
  • cortical and medullary regions don’t have clear boundary
  • cellular depletion and involution of bursa and thymus happen as bird matures
30
Q

Immunological differences between birds and mammals

A
  • mammals don’t have bursa of fabricius
  • avian many thymus lobes, mammals 2
  • avians lack lymph nodes
  • avians may have IgD and Ige while mammals have all 5 Igs
  • Avians lack IgG subclasses
31
Q

Thymectomy and bursectomy effect on no. Of circulating lymphocytes

A
  • thymectomy: decrease
  • bursectomy: negligible
32
Q

Graft rejection

A
  • thymectomy: decrease
  • bursectomy: not reduced
33
Q

Cell-mediated cytotoxicity

A
  • thymectomy: decrease
  • bursectomy: not reduced
34
Q

Serum immunoglobulins

A
  • thymectomy: slight decrease
  • bursectomy: strong decrease

Immunology (16 decks)

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