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Immunology > Cells Of Immune System > Flashcards

Cells Of Immune System Flashcards

1
Q

B cells

A
  • originate from bone marrow
  • differentiate into plasma cells
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2
Q

Cytotoxic t-cells

A
  • mature in thymus
  • kill cancer cells and virally infected cells
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3
Q

Plasma cells

A
  • from b cells
  • make immunoglobulin (antibodies)
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4
Q

Neutrophils

A
  • aka Polymorphonuclear cells (PMN)
  • In blood
  • phagocytosis
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5
Q

Monocytes

A
  • in blood
  • turn into macrophages in tissue
  • phagocytosis
  • largest leukocyte
  • circulate 1-3 days
  • 2-8%
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6
Q

Platelets

A

Clotting

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7
Q

Dendritic cells

A
  • tell T cells what to attack

-aka Antigen-presenting cells

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8
Q

Macrophage

A
  • surrounds & kills microorganisms
  • removes dead cells
  • stimulates action of other immune system cells
  • monocytes that traveled to tissue
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9
Q

Mast cells

A
  • help control other immune responses
  • contain histamine, heparin, cytokines, and growth factors
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10
Q

Natural killer cells

A
  • granules w/ enzymes that kill tumor cells or virally infected cells
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11
Q

Macrophage of kidney

A

Renal macrophage

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12
Q

Macrophage of liver

A

Kupffer cell

(Express macrophage biomarkers)

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13
Q

Macrophage of lungs

A

Alveolar macrophages

(In pulmonary alveolus and clean resp. Spaces)

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14
Q

Macrophages in lymph nodes

A
  • sinus hisiocytes
  • immobile
  • in medullary sinuses
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15
Q

Macrophages in placenta

A
  • hofbauer cells
  • thought to prevent vertical transmission
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16
Q

Macrophages in skin

A
  • langerhans
  • dendritic cells in skin & mucosa assc. W/ HIV, HPV, & LCH
17
Q

If a WBC type ends in -philia, -cytosis, -philic, this means

A

Increase in concentration

18
Q

If a WBC type ends in -penia, this means

A

Decrease in concentration

19
Q

Neutrophilia

A
  • common in dogs
  • caused by inflammation
20
Q

Normal neutrophil values in canines

A

3k-12k per microliter or 40-60%

21
Q

Neutropenia

A
  • can happen due to wbc sticking to damaged bv walls, neutrophil destruction, reduced formation in bone marrow, adverse rxns to meds
22
Q

Eosinophilia

A
  • common in dogs
  • caused by allergies, antibodies, and parasitic infections (babesia canis)
23
Q

Normal canine eosinophil values

A

4%

24
Q

Eosinopenia

A
  • common in dogs
  • common rxn to stress or corticosteroids
25
Q

Viruses that can cause transient neutropenia in dogs

A

-parvo

  • distemper
26
Q

Viruses that can cause transient neutropenia in cats

A
  • panleukopenia
27
Q

Viruses that can cause transient neutropenia in horses

A
  • equine influenza
  • equine viral arteritis
  • equine herpesvirus
28
Q

Viruses that can cause transient neutropenia in cattle

A

Bovine viral diarrhea

29
Q

Viruses that can cause transient neutropenia in pigs

A

Classical swine fever, african swine fever

30
Q

Basophils

A
  • rare in domestic animals
  • produce histamine and combat parasites
  • normal conc. Is <1%
  • basophilia uncommon, but can happen in heartworm disease
31
Q

Normal lymphocyte conc in blood

A

20-40%

32
Q

Lymphocytosis

A
  • caused by hormones, immune system stimulation (i.e. leukemia, arthritis, etc)
33
Q

Lymphopenia

A
  • caused by corticosteroids, viral infections,hereditary diseases
34
Q

Leukemia

A

Cancer w/ increased WBCs in blood

(Malignant)

35
Q

Lymphoma

A

Cancer of WBCs that starts in lymph node or other lymphoid tissue. Systemic

(Can affect eye, skin, CNS, bone)

36
Q

Malignant lymphoma

A
  • common in dogs
  • progressive, deadly
  • causes are viral infection, environmental contamination w/ herbicides, magnetic field exposure, genetic abnormalities, immune syst. Dysfunction
  • classifications: multicentric, alimentary, mediastinal, extranodal (kidneys, CNS, or skin)

-

-

37
Q

Monocytes

A
  • stored in spleen and marrow
  • 100-1800 per microliter in dogs
  • 0-850 per microliter in cats
38
Q

Monocytosis

A
  • assc w/ chronic inflammatory conditions, endocarditis, bacteriemia, corticosteroid/stress response
39
Q

Monocytopenia

A

No diagnostic significance

Immunology (16 decks)

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