Orbital Flashcards by Paige Johnson

What passes thru the inferior orbital fissure?

Maxillary nerve and infraorbital vessels

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Innervates superior oblique muscle

Trochlear nerve CN4

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Lacrimal artery

Off lateral side of optic nerve, supplies lacrimal gland

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What is between the greater wing and the maxilla?

Inferior orbital fissure

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Depresses the eye, extorts when eye is adducted

Inferior rectus. CN3

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Abucts/extorts the eyeball

Inferior oblique

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“white of the eye”

sclera

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How lens bring near objects into focus

Relaxing of the ciliary muscles to make the lens more convex (accommodation)

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Only extraocular muscle that originates from anterior part of orbit

Inferior oblique

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Produces oily secretion that lubricates the edges of the eyelids to prevent them from sticking together

Tarsal glands

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Innervates medial/inferior rectus, inferior oblique muscles

Inferior branch of oculomotor nerve

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Parts of the Fibrous layer of the eyeball

Sclera and cornea

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Anastomose with anterior ciliary arteris

Long posterior ciliary arteries

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Path of opthalmic artery

enters via optic canal, inferiolateral to nerve, crosses superior/mediad once in orbit.

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Symp innervation of lacrimal gland

From superior cervical gang, vasoconstrictive

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Mucous membrane that lines the eyelids/anterior aspects of the eyeballs/lacrimal apparatus

Conjunctiva

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What is between the greater and lesser wings of the spehnoid?

Superior orbital fissure

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Carries lacrimal fliud to superior fornix of conjunctiva

Excretory ducts

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Where does the superior opthalmic vein drain into?

Cavernous sinus

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Blood supplies for most of orbit

Ophthalmic artery via ICA

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Fibrous membrane of eyelid

Orbital septum. Continuous with periosteum of bony part of the orbital rim and the tarsi

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“Pulley” of superior oblique

Trochlea

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What passes thru the optic canal?

Optic nerve and opthalimic artery

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Superior oblique action if eye is lateral gaze and abducted eyeball

Abducting/intorting

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3 layers of the eyeball

Fibrous layer, vascular layer, retinal layer

Parasympathetic muscle of the iris that decreases the diameter of the pupil

Sphincter pupillae

Communication between orbit and ethmoid for the nerves/vessels

Ethmoidal foramina

What protects the corneas/eyeballs

eyelids, lacrimal apparatus

Adducts the eye

Medial rectus. CN3

What passes thru the superior orbital fissure?

CN 3,4,6, V1, opthalmic veins

Attaches lens to ciliary processes

Suspensory ligaments

Moves superior eyelid and eyeball (group of muscles)

Extrinsic muscles of eye

Thin contractile diaphragm with centure aperature

Iris

Parts of the vascular layer

Choroid, ciliary body, iris

Infraorbital artery

Into orbit via infraorbital foramen. Branch of ICA

Weakest wall of orbit

medial wall

Abducts the eye

lateral rectus. CN6

Separates floor of orbit from lateral wall

inferior orbital fissure

Origin of recti muscles

Common tendinous ring

Medial walls of the orbit

Orbital plate of ethmoid, frontal process of maxilla, lacrimal, sphenoid bone.

Layers of the eyelid

Thin skin, skeletal muscle fibers, orbital septum, tarsi, conjunctiva, muscles of superior eyelid

Most robust wall of orbit

Lateral wall

Additional muscles of the upper eyelids

Levator palebrae superioris, superior tarsal muscle

Parasym innervation of lacrimal gland

Via facial nerve/pterygopalatine ganglion

Involuntary muscle that closes the eyelids (upper and lower)

Orbicularis oculi (palpebral part)

Increased ICP causes what to the optic nerve

Compression of the subarachnoid space

Area between iris and lens

Posterior chamber

Innervates lateral rectus muscle

Abducens CN7

Fills anterior/posterior chambers

Aqueous humor

Transparent part of the fibrous layer of the eyeball

Cornea

Intorsion

Rotation of pupil medially towards nose

Connects choroid with circumference of iris

Ciliary body. Both muscular and vascular

Floor of the orbit

Orbital process of maxilla primarily. Minor from palatine bone

Posterior part of the eyeball where light is focused

Ocular fundus

Levator palpebrae superioris

From posterior part of orbital roof, inserts onto superior tarsus. Innervated by CN3

Fills the vitreous body

Vitreous humor

Lateral wall of orbit

Frontal process of zygomatic bone, greater wing of sphenoid bone

Occupies 80% of the posterior eyeball

Vitreous body

Contents of infraorbital canal?

infraorbital nerve/vessels

Elevates (slightly adducts) and intorts when eye is adducted

Superior rectus. CN3

How lens brings far objects into focus

ciliary muscle contracts to stretch the lens, thinning it

Begins from inferior orbital fissure and turns into infraorbital canal?

infraorbital groove

Sympathetic muscle that increases the diameter of the pupil

Dilator pupillae

Takes lacrimal fluid to inferior nasal meatus

Nasolacrimal duct

Lines sclera and is rich in cappillaries

Choroid

Area directly posterior to cornea/anterior to iris

Anterior chamber

Forms anterior ciliary arteries

Muscular brnaches of opthalmic artery

Parts of the retinal layer

Neural layer, pigmented layer

Innervates the superior oblique

CN 4

Extorsion

Rotattion of pupil laterally away from nose

Supplies outer layer of retina

Short posterior ciliary arteries

Where lacrimal fuild accumulates in medial corner of the eye

Lacrimal canaliculi (drains into lacrimal sac)

Roof of orbit

Oribital part of frontal bone

Parts of the lacrimal gland

Orbital part, palpebral part

Neural layer contents

Optic disk, continuation of optic nerve, macula

Oval-shaped area of acute vision

macula

Innervates the levator palpabrae superioris/superior rectus

Superior branch of oculomotor nerve

Branches of ophthalmic artery

Lacrimal, central retinal, short posterior ciliary, long posterior ciliary, muscular branches, supraorbital

Superior tarsal muscle

Smooth muscle fibers running from levator palpebrae superioris to superior tarsus. Innervated by symp postgang of superior cervical ganglion

What ganglion does CN3 contribute to?

Ciliary ganglion (pregang. Parasymp)

Dense connective tissue that makes up the "skeleton" of the eyelid

Superior/inferior tarsi

Origin of oblique muscles

Orbital walls

Lacrimal apparatus

Production/delivery of lacrimal fliud

Adducted eyeball, visual axis is parallel to long axis

Depressor

Innervates the cornea

Central retinal artery

Pierces connective tissue around optic nerve, supplies optic disk (irreversible blindness is occluded)

What contains the apex of the orbit?

Lesser wing of the sphenoid (at optic canal)

Forms the superior opthalmic vein

supraorbital vein and angular vein

Anterior thru supraorbital foramen portion of opthalmic artery

Supraorbital artery

Upper/lower pockets of conjunctiva formed by reflections onto the sclera

Fornices

Shallow depresson in orbital part of the frontal bone

Fossa for the lacrimal gland

Vascular layer of eyeball venous return

Vortical veins