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Anatomy > Ear > Flashcards

Ear Flashcards

1
Q

3 divisions of the ear

A

External, middle, inner

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2
Q

Parts of the external ear

A

auricle and external auditory canal

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3
Q

Deepest depression of the pinna that leads toward the ear canal

A

Concha

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4
Q

Outer rim of the pinna

A

Helix

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5
Q

Tongue-like flap, anterior to the ear canal

A

tragus

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6
Q

Blood supply to the pinna

A

superficial temporal and posterior auricular arteries

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7
Q

Nerves to the pinna

A

Great auricular and auriculotemporal nerves

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8
Q

2.5 cm long tube between the auricle and the tympanic membrane

A

External auditory canal

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9
Q

Outer 1/3rd of external auditory canal is formed by what?

A

Cartilage

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10
Q

Inner 2/3rds of external auditory canal is formed by what?

A

bone

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11
Q

How do you straighten the external auditory canal?

A

Pull superoposterior on auricle

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12
Q

Another name for ear wax

A

cerumen

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13
Q

Blood supply for external auditory canal

A

superficial temporal, posterior auricular, and deep auricular arteries

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14
Q

Nerves to the external auditory canal and outer surface of tympanic membrane

A

Auriculotemporal nerve, with some vagus nerve

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15
Q

The petrous part of the temporal bone that contains the auditory ossicles, 2 muscles, and nerves

A

Middle ear cavity

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16
Q

What separates the middle ear cavity and external auditory canal?

A

Tympanic membrane

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17
Q

Spaces of the middle ear cavity

A

Tympanic cavity, epitympanic recess

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18
Q

What does the middle ear cavity communicate with and how?

A

Mastiod air cells via the aditus and antrum, and the pharynx via auditory tube

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19
Q

Innervation of mucosa of middle ear cavity

A

Tympanic plexus, mostly glossopharyngeal

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20
Q

What nerve carries pain associated with otitis media?

A

glossopharyngeal

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21
Q

Roof of middle ear cavity

A

Tegmen tympani

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22
Q

Floor of middle ear cavity

A

Jugular wall

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23
Q

What does the jugular wall separate?

A

Middle ear cavity and superior bulb of IJV

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24
Q

What passes thru the jugular wall?

A

Tympanic nerve

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25
Q

Medial wall of middle ear cavity

A

Labyrinthine wall

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26
Q

What 2 important structures are associated with the promontory of the labyrinthine wall?

A

Tympanic plexus covers and is formed by the basal coil of the cochlea

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27
Q

Windows in the laybyrinthine wall

A

Superior: Oval, Inferior: round

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28
Q

What is superoposterior to the oval window?

A

Facial nerve canal prominence

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29
Q

Superior to the facial nerve prominence

A

Prominence of the lateral semicircular canal

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30
Q

Most anterior part of the laybrinthine wall contains what?

A

Chochleariform process and semicanal for tensor tympani

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31
Q

What primarily forms the lateral wall of the middle ear cavity?

A

Tympanic membrane

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32
Q

Innervation of tympanic membrane

A

Auriculotemporal on outer surface, vagus nerve for outer/posteroinferior surface, tympanic plexus on inner surface

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33
Q

Apex of the concavity of the tympanic membrane

A

Umbo

34
Q

Where does the tip of the handle of the malleus attach?

A

Umbo

35
Q

Where are the mallear folds/the portion without a firbous core in the tympanic membrane?

A

Flaccid part

36
Q

Lower part of the tympanic membrane

A

Tense part

37
Q

The reflection of light from the umbo that is seen by using an otoscope

A

Cone of light

38
Q

What does the carotid wall separate?

A

Middle ear and ICA

39
Q

What makes up the anterior wall of the middle membrane?

A

Carotid wall

40
Q

What opening does the carotid wall contain?

A

Opening for autditory (pharyngotympanic) tube

41
Q

What nerves run thru the carotid wall?

A

Tensor tympani and chorda tympani

42
Q

What makes up the posterior wall of the middle ear cavity?

A

Mastiod wall

43
Q

What does the mastiod wall separate?

A

the middle ear and the mastiod air cells

44
Q

What connects the mastiod air cells to the middle ear cavity?

A

(superiorly) aditus leading to the mastiod antrum

45
Q

What contains the stapedius muscle?

A

the pyramid

46
Q

Where do the contents of the prominence of the facial nerve emerge in the middle ear?

A

The nerve to the stapedius and chorda tympani distrubute off of the mastiod wall

47
Q

From lateral to medial, what are the auditory ossicles?

A

Malleus, incus, stapes

48
Q

Parts of the malleus

A

head, neck, handle, lateral/anterior processes

49
Q

What nerve runs on the medial surface of the root of the malleus handle?

A

chorda tympani

50
Q

Parts of the incus

A

Body, short/long processes, lenticular process

51
Q

What part of the incus articualtes with the stapes?

A

lenticular process

52
Q

Parts of the stapes

A

Head, neck, 2 limbs, ovoid base

53
Q

Where does the stapes connect to the labyrinthine wall?

A

Oval window and membrane

54
Q

Where does the tensor tympani turn?

A

cochleariform process

55
Q

Where does the tensor tympani insert?

A

Handle of the malleus to tense the tympanic membrane

56
Q

What large bones does the tensoe tympani attach to?

A

Semicanal, cartilage of the auditory tube, greater wing of the sphenoid

57
Q

What innervates the tensor tympani?

A

Mandibular nerve

58
Q

Where does the stapedius muscle insert?

A

Neck of the stapes

59
Q

What innervates the stapedius muscle?

A

Facial nerve

60
Q

How is the tympanic plexus formed

A

The tympanic nerve branches off of the glosspharyngeal nerve, enters middle ear via floor, form plexus on the promontory

61
Q

Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers in the tympanic nerve

A

Form the lesser petrosal nerve to the otic ganglion

62
Q

What ganglion is in the petrous bone near the middle ear?

A

Geniculate ganglion

63
Q

3 nerves off of the geniculate ganglion

A

Greater petrosal nerve, nerve to stapedius, chorda tympani

64
Q

Complicated series of spaces inside the petrous part of the temporal bone

A

Bony labyrinth

65
Q

Lines the bony labyrinth

A

Membranous labyrinth

66
Q

Communication b/t cochlear labyrinth and subarachnoid space

A

Cochlear aqueduct

67
Q

Communication b/t vestibular membranous labyrinth and endolymphatic sac

A

Vestibular aqueduct

68
Q

Snail-shaped organ for audition

A

Cochlea

69
Q

Spiral bony core of cochlea

A

Modiolus

70
Q

Chamber that begins at the oval window and spirals to the apex

A

Scala Vestibuli

71
Q

Chamber that begins at the apex and spirals to the round window

A

Scala tympani

72
Q

How do the 2 chambers communicate?

A

Helicotrema

73
Q

Fills the 2 chamber space

A

perilymph

74
Q

Middle chamber of cochlea

A

Cochlear duct

75
Q

Fills the cochlear duct

A

endolymph

76
Q

Organ for hearing

A

Spiral organ of Corti

77
Q

Course of neurons from cochlea to brain stem

A

Hair cells, sensory fibers converge to spiral ganglion, cochlear nerve, vestibulocochlear nerve

78
Q

Why would a lesion in the external autitory canal cause nausea/vomiting?

A

vagus nerve and gag reflex

79
Q

Detects head tilt/translational accelerations

A

Sacs of the vestibular apparatus

80
Q

2 sacs of vestibular apparatus

A

Utricle and saccule

81
Q

Detects rotational accelerations

A

Lateral/anterior/posterior semicircular canals of the vestibular apparatus

82
Q

Formation of cell bodies from the vestibular apparatus

A

Vestibular ganglion

Anatomy (35 decks)

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